Mutations Flashcards
Why do errors in DNA replication result?
because of mutations
What is a mutation?
A heritable change in genetic information
What is a point mutation?
A gene mutation that involves changes in one or a few nucleotides.
Why are point mutations called that?
Because point mutations occur at a single point in the DNA sequence
When does point mutation usually occur?
during DNA replication
Will a point mutation be passed on to future cells?
Yes
What type of mutation is a substitution mutation?
A substitution mutation is a mutation where one base is change to a different base.
What do substitution mutations usually affect?
Substitution mutations usually affect no more than a single amino acid, and sometimes they have no effect at all.
What is the result of a substitution mutation?
Sometimes this mutation can result in a change of one amino acid
What is an example of a point mutation?
A substitution mutation
What is a frameshift mutation?
A mutation that shifts the “reading frame” of the genetic message
What are two types of frameshift mutations?
Deletion and insertion mutations
What happens in an insertion mutation?
A base is inserted into the DNA sequence
What happens in a deletion mutation?
A base is deleted from the DNA sequence
TRUE OR FALSE: The effects of an insertion and deletion mutation are drastic
If true, why?
True - because they shift the reading frame of the DNA sequence and ALL the amino acids change!!
