Associated with autonomic disease - polymyalgia rheumatica

Giant cell arteritis - head, neck, shoulders

N1 - Headache (Jiminez) Flashcards by Brian Duxbury

HA: pain all over

Tension HA

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Imaging for aneurysm diagnosis

Brain CT without contrast

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HA: pounding bitemporal

Caffeine withdrawal HA

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Tricyclic antidepressants

Tension HA prophylaxis

Amitriptyline –> tx for trigeminal neuralgia (Carbemazepine 1st)

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worst headache of life

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

aka Thunderclap headache

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Feeling drained

Sleep it off

Postdrome

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Inflammation small/medium blood vessels in temporal area

Temporal arteritis

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Tension headache can trigger _________

Migraines

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HA: nausea, vomiting

Migraine

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HA: multiple attacks, short-lived

Cluster HA

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Bleeding from a cerebral aneurysm

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

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Related to:

multiple sclerosis

damage to myelin sheath

tumor compression

brain lesion

Trigeminal neuralgia

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HA: No throbbing

Scalp, temples, back of neck

Tension HA

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HA: no nausea/vomiting

Tension HA

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HA: red, teary eye

Cluster HA

(Autonomic dysfunction)

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HA: photophobia

migraine

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Associated with autonomic disease

polymyalgia rheumatica

Giant cell arteritis

head, neck, shoulders

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HA: pressure behind eye

Migraine

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When do tumors cause pain

when it causes bleeding or meningeal irritation

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Throbbing HA on side or back of head

Temporal arteritis

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Elevated sedimentation rate

Need biopsy

Temporal arteritis

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HA: nasal congestion

Cluster HA

(Autonomic dysfunction)

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Opisthotonos - sudden stiffening of back & neck, arching of back

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

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Brudzinskis sign - not able to straighten leg at knee when hip is flexed

Meningitis

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Contact btwn normal blood vessel and trigeminal nerve

Trigeminal neuralgia

HA: most common in obese women of childbearing age

Pseudotumor cerebri

Tx for viral meningitis

Supportive

HA: pounding top of head during intercourse or exertional activity

Coital HA

Bleeding from an arteriovenous malformation (AVM)

subarachnoid hemorrhage

Cluster HA prophylaxis

Verapimil Lithium

Tx for temporal arteritis

Steroids

HA: pounding on top of head or back of neck

Hypertension - uncontrolled

HA: Occurs at intervals of months to years, lasts days to weeks

Cluster HA

Abnormal brain activity

Migraine

Avoid what drugs for tx of migraines

Opioids - cause rebound headaches

Severe pain in face upon mild stimulation

Trigeminal neuralgia

Migraine treatment

Acetaminophen + metoclopramide Triptans or Ergots (no children) Antiemetic: Phenergan & benadryl

HA longer than 72 hrs

status migrainosus

HA: throbbing

Migraine

Kerning's sign - legs draw up

Meningitis

Pupil size difference

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Increase in intercranial pressure for no obvious region

Pseudotumor cerebri

HA: severe searing or piercing pain, unilateral

Cluster HA - similar to migraine, but more **severe**

Aura

classic migraine

HA more common in men

Cluster HA

temporary blind spot blurred vision eye pain seeing stars or zigzag lines

aura

Tx for trigeminal neuralgia

Carbemazepine (seizure med) Amitriptyline (tricyclic antidepressive) Radiofrequency ablation

HA: global - all over the head

Chemical HA

Constipation Depression Fatigue Irritability Yawning

Prodrome

Symptoms wax and wane with time HA worse with coughing or sneezing One sided weakness Memory or personality change

Tumor

HA: unilateral

Migraine

Sudden and unusually severe headache Nausea, vomiting vision impairment loss of consciousness

cerebral aneurysm

Morning headaches that get better as the day goes on

Suspicion for sleep apnea

HA: lasts 4-72 hours

migraine

Pain with eye movement

Meningitis

Stress Hormonal changes Food additives Medications

Migraine triggers

Most common cause of encephalitis

viral

Gold standard for prevention of migraines

Propranolol (beta-blocker)

HA: dull, pressure-like

Tension HA

Decreased consciousness w/ worst headache of life

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Second line tx for cluster HA

Lidocaine/Cocaine Octreotide Suboccipital steroid injections - lasts for the current episode only

Butalbital + aspirin + caffeine

Tension HA acute attack tx

Most common type of headache

Muscle Tension Headache (Primary)

Temporal nerves most often affected by vasodilation of blood vessels

Migraine

Type of migraine w/o aura

common migraine

Creates pressure from the inside pushing out

Sinus infection / inflammation

Photophobia Confusion Seizure Vision problems - double vision

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

HA: blurred vision

Cluster HA | (autonomic dysfunction)

HA: periodicity, recurring pain around same hour

Cluster HA

HA: drooping eyelid

Cluster HA | (Autonomic dysfunction)

First line tx for cluster HA

Oxygen Triptans

Causes swelling of optic nerve and results in vision loss

Pseudotumor cerebri

N1 - Headache (Jiminez) Flashcards

(72 cards)