Naming numbers 20-100, Nommer les nombres de 20 à 100

Question 1

20

Answer 1

twenty

vingt

Middle English twenti, from Old English twentig “group of twenty,” from twegen “two” (from PIE root *dwo- “two”) + -tig “group of ten” (see -ty (1)).

-ty = it was a distinct word in Gothic (tigjus) and Old Norse (tigir) meaning “tens, decades.”

Question 2

30

Answer 2

thirty

trente

metathesis of thriti, from Old English þritig, from þri, þreo “three” (see three) + -tig “group of ten” (see -ty (1)). Similar formation in Old Frisian thritich, Old Saxon thritig, Dutch dertig, Old High German drizzug, German dreissig.

Question 3

40

Answer 3

forty

quarante

feowerti, from Old English feowertig, Northumbrian feuortig “forty,” from feower “four” (from PIE root *kwetwer- “four”) + tig “group of ten” (see -ty (1)).

Question 4

50

Answer 4

fifty

cinquante

Old English fiftig “fifty; a set of fifty,” from fif “five” (from PIE root *penkwe- “five”) + -tig “group of ten” (see -ty (1)).

Question 5

60

Answer 5

sixty

soixante

Middle English sixti, from Old English sixtig, from siex (see six) + -tig (see -ty (1)). Similar formation in Old Norse sextugr, sextögr, sextigir, Old Frisian sextich, Middle Dutch sestig, Dutch zestig, Old High German sehszug, German sechzig.

Question 6

70

Answer 6

seventy

soixante-dix

Old English (hund)seofontig, from seofon (see seven) + -tig (see -ty (1)). Similar formation in Old Saxon sibuntig, Old Frisian soventich, Middle Dutch seventich, Old High German sibunzug, Old Norse sjautugr.

Question 7

80

Answer 7

eighty

quatre-vingts

late 13c., eigteti, from eight + -ty (1). Replacing Old English hundeahtatig, with hund- “ten.”

Question 8

90

Answer 8

ninety

quatre-vingt-dix

Middle English nīntī (late 13c.), from Old English nigontig, from nine + -tig “group of ten” (see -ty (1)). Cognate with Old Frisian niontich, Middle Dutch negentich, Dutch negentig, German neunzig, Old Norse nintigir.

Question 9

100

Answer 9

one hundred

cent

Old English hundred from Proto-Germanic *hunda-ratha- (source also of Old Frisian hundred, Old Saxon hunderod, Old Norse hundrað, German hundert); first element is Proto-Germanic *hundam “hundred” (cognate with Gothic hund, Old High German hunt), from PIE *km-tom “hundred,” reduced from *dkm-tom- (source also of Sanskrit satam, Avestan satem, Greek hekaton, Latin centum, Lithuanian šimtas, Old Church Slavonic suto, Old Irish cet, Breton kant “hundred”), suffixed form of root *dekm- “ten.”