Nasal Cavity

Question 1

What are the parts of the external nose?

Answer 1

root of nose
dorsum of nose
apex
ala
columella
naris

Question 2

What are the bones of the external nose?

Answer 2

Frontal, nasal, maxilla, lacrimal, & ethmoid

Question 3

Is the nose mostly made of bone or cartilage?

Answer 3

Cartilage

Question 4

What branches of trigeminal nerve provide sensory innervation to the skin? What areas do they distribute to?

Answer 4

CN V1 = top of head to forehead to tip of nose
CN V2 = under eyes to tip of nose (where CN V1 stops) to upper lip
CN V3 = side of face to lower lip to chin

Question 5

Nasal cavity opens anteriorly through the ___
Nasal cavity opens posteriorly through the ___

Answer 5

nares
choanae

Question 6

___ contains vibrissae

Answer 6

Vestibule

Question 7

Name the bones that form the roof, floor, medial wall & lateral wall of the nasal septum

Answer 7

• Roof - cribriform plate of ethmoid, nasal, frontal, & sphenoid bones
• Floor - hard palate (maxillary process & horizontal plate of palatine bone)
• Medial wall - nasal septum (septal cartilage, ethmoid, vomer)
• Lateral wall - conchae & meatus (maxilla, lacrimal, inferior nasal concha, ethmoid, palatine - perpendicular plate)

Question 8

Label

Answer 8

1. Nasal bone
2. Frontal process of maxilla
3. Middle concha
4. Anterior nasal spine
5. Perpendicular plate of ethmoid
6. Inferior concha
7. Vomer

Question 9

___ makes up most of the lateral wall

Answer 9

Maxillary sinus

Question 10

The ethmoid bone has which nasal conchae that contribute to nasal cavity?

Answer 10

Has the middle nasal concha & superior nasal conchae

Question 11

R & L nasal fossae separated by

Answer 11

nasal septum

Question 12

What are the regions of the superior 1/3 & inferior 2/3 of nasal cavity?

Answer 12

Superior ⅓ = olfactory region
Inferior ⅔ = respiratory region (prepares air to enter lungs)

Question 13

What’s located under the superior nasal concha?

Answer 13

spheno-ethmoidal recess & opening of posterior ethmoidal sinus

Question 14

What’s located under the middle nasal concha?

Answer 14

ethmoidal bulla & opening of middle ethmoidal sinus, openings of frontal sinus (located under the hiatus semilunaris) & opening of anterior ethmoidal air cells, openings of maxillary sinus

Question 15

What’s located under the inferior nasal concha?

Answer 15

opening of nasolacrimal duct

Question 16

The meatus is a space in the nasal cavity where secretions from the ___ drain

Answer 16

paranasal sinuses

Question 17

Which meatus is where most sinuses drain?

Answer 17

Middle meatus

Question 18

What sinuses drain into the middle meatus?

Answer 18

Middle anterior ethmoidal sinus, frontal sinus, & maxillary sinus drain into middle meatus directly or indirectly

Question 19

The superior meatus drains the ___ & inferior meatus drains

Answer 19

Posterior ethmoidal sinus
Nasolacrimal duct (tears)

Question 20

What’s the sphenoethmoidal recess?

Answer 20

opening for sphenoid sinus
Space between sphenoid bone & superior nasal conchae

Question 21

label

Answer 21

1. Sphenoethmoidal recess
2. Superior meatus
3. Middle meatus
4. Inferior meatus

Question 22

Label

Answer 22

1. Hiatus semilunaris
2. Bulla ethmoidalis

Question 23

What branch of the ophthalmic artery supplies the nasal cavity? What part of the nasal cavity does it supply?

Answer 23

Anterior & posterior ethmoidal artery
- Anterior ethmoidal artery gives off branches that supply the external nose
- Make it to nasal cavity proper & provide blood supply to lateral wall & they crossover roof of nasal cavity & supply the septum

Question 24

What branch of the maxillary artery supplies the nasal cavity? What part of the nasal cavity does it supply?

Answer 24

Sphenopalatine artery
- palate

Question 25

What branch of the facial artery supplies the nasal cavity? What part of the nasal cavity does it supply?

Answer 25

Superior labial artery - upper lip

Question 26

Sensory innervation to the nasal cavity is from what nerves? What about for the lateral & posterior wall?

Answer 26

CN V1 Lateral wall: CN V1 (anterior ethmoidal n.) & V2 (nasopalatine n.) Nasopalatine n. Posterior wall: CN V2 (lateral posterior nasal n.)

Question 27

What nerve innervates the maxillary sinus & supplies sensation to lateral wall of nasal cavity in the inferior portion

Answer 27

Anterior superior alveolar n (CN V2)

Question 28

Label

Answer 28

1. Anterior ethmoidal n 2. Infraorbital n 3. Anterior superior alveolar n 4. Lateral posterior nasal n

Question 29

Parasympathetics come from the

Answer 29

pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 30

Explain the pathway of parasympathetic innervation to nasal glands

Answer 30

Preganglionic parasympathetics come from pterygopalatine ganglion from greater petrosal n. (a branch of facial n.) → joins deep petrosal n. In middle cranial cavity, then enters pterygoid canal → forms nerve of pterygoid canal → reaches pterygopalatine fossa → synapses within pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 31

What supplies innervation to the lateral & anterior nasal walls?

Answer 31

Innervation to lateral wall comes from lateral nasal n. Innervation to anterior wall comes w/ blood vessels

Question 32

What direction do the frontal, ethmoidal, & sphenoidal sinuses drain?

Answer 32

Frontal sinus drains anteriorly Ethmoidal sinus drains medially Sphenoidal sinus drains posteriorly

Question 33

Which sinus underlies the hypophyseal fossa w/ pituitary gland?

Answer 33

Sphenoid sinus

Question 34

Blood supply to the maxillary, sphenoid, ethmoid, & frontal sinus is by?

Answer 34

- Blood supply to maxillary sinus = superior alveolar arteries - Blood supply to sphenoid, ethmoid, & frontal sinus = ethmoidal branches of ophthalmic artery

Question 35

Innervation to maxillary, sphenoid, ethmoid, & frontal sinus is by?

Answer 35

Maxillary sinus = superior alveolar n Frontal sinus = frontal & nasociliary n (branch of CN V1) Ethmoid sinus = ethmoidal n (CN V1) & branches of CN V2 Sphenoid sinus = posterior ethmoidal n