NBSS: (behaviour) Symptoms Perceptions

Question 1

what are the 3 reasons for delay in help seeking

Answer 1

Question 2

what is appraisal delay influenced by?

Answer 2

Attention
E.g. do not perceive symptom/ interpret as nonthreatening

Misattribution
Symptoms interpreted incorrectly

Question 3

what are factors infleuncing illness delay?

Answer 3

Use of heuristics: age/menopause/stress
“ E.g. I’m just getting old.”

Question 4

what are factors influencing utilisation delay?

Answer 4

Dispositional factors
Social pressure
No clear action plan/implementation intention
Fear-Avoidance

Question 5

A patient requests an urgent GP appointment worried about sharp pains in their lower back. They first noticed this symptom yesterday and when they started monitoring the pain it became more intense. After examination there is no clear pathological origin. What factor is most likely to contribute to the patient’s experience of pain?

A: Hypochondria
B: Unstimulating environment
C: Psychological distress
D: Symptom focusing
E: Personality characteristics

Answer 5

D

Question 6

Why is negative affectivity (mood/state) important to consider with regard to symptom perception?

A: Because those with negative affectivity report symptoms more frequently
B: Because those with negative affectivity are more introspective
C: Because those with negative affectivity attend negatively to symptoms
D: All of the above

Answer 6

D

Question 7

A patient notices a lump in their breast but decides to wait for a few months before consulting a healthcare professional because they are afraid of receiving a cancer diagnosis.
Question: What type of delay is most evident in this scenario?
a) Appraisal delay
b) Illness delay
c) Utilization delay

Answer 7

B

Question 8

Scenario: A patient with a family history of diabetes notices symptoms such as increased thirst and frequent urination but delays visiting a doctor due to fear of receiving a diabetes diagnosis.
Question: What type of delay is the patient experiencing?
a) Appraisal delay
b) Illness delay
c) Utilization delay

Answer 8

A

Question 9

Scenario: A patient experiences persistent headaches but postpones seeking medical attention because they are worried about the cost of healthcare and don’t have health insurance.
Question: Which type of delay is evident in this situation?
a) Appraisal delay
b) Illness delay
c) Utilization delay

Answer 9

C

Question 10

what are the 5 domains of illness schemas?

Answer 10

1. IDENTITY
   how individuals label their illness and recognize its symptoms

2.CAUSE
individuals’ beliefs about the origins or triggers of their illness.

3.TIMELINE
perceptions of how long the illness will last or its expected duration.

4. CONSEQUENCE
   individuals’ perceptions of the impact of the illness on their lives, including physical, emotional, social, and financial consequences
5. CURE AND CONTROL
   possibility of treatment or cure for the illness and the extent to which individuals feel they have control over the illness and its management.