Neonatal therapeutics Flashcards
why are drug doses different fro neonates
they have increased oral bioavaliablilty
they have increased % of body water which changes the volume of distribution
they have decreased plasma proteins- so more free drug
decreased metabolic and excretory capacity
why do neonate drug doses need to constantly change
they are gaining weight every day
what is the leading cause of death in neonatal foals
sepsis
How to treat sepsis
antimicrobials
IVFT
supportive care
what antimicrobials do we give to a septic foal
IV bactericidal broadspectrum
( penicillin = gentamicin or ampicillin + amikacin)
whilst waiting for C&S results
what antimicrobials do we give to a foal with umbilical infection
oral TMPS
when would you give cefttiofur to foals
septic foals that have abnormal renal function
why do we not give IM antibiotics to foals
they have small muscles massess
what do we use oxytetracycline for in foals
tendon contracture –> it causes tendon laxity
how to sedate neonatal foals
madigan foal squeeze
diazepam +/- butorphanol
OR butorphanol on its own
why do we not give foals NSAIDS
side effects increased in comparison to adults
GI ulceration can be life threatening
renal affects are severe
what analgesia should we give a painful neonate
butorphanol (IV or IM) in small doses - use with care
