neoplasia Flashcards

Question

tumors can produce what?

Answer 1

hormones of the tissue theyre growing in kidneys: EPO skin: keratin and inflammation ovarian: mucus and serous over production

Answer 2

increased growth rate form normal but less malignancy orderly pattern of expansile grown dense capsule with distinct margins good prognosis

Answer 3

more invasive and less distinct margins- capsules are rare "fingers" poor surgical outcome

Answer 4

the tumors ability to shed the cells and spread the cancer- the secondary tumors are histologicaly the same as the cells in the primary tumor

Answer 5

from time to time tumors can have overlapping characteristics and this can mean that there is a possibility of over treatment of a benign tumor and under treatment of malignant tumors

Answer 6

amount of time between successive cell divisions

Answer 7

the amount of time needed to double the size of the cell gets longer with age cells go into rest- die- cant reproduce- decreased reproductive times

Answer 8

pressure atrophy tumor cell motilty pressure atrophy

Answer 9

pressure on blood supply to a tissue and tumor cell replacement of the dead tissue

Answer 10

cells seperate and migrate into surrounding tissues reduced adhesiveness cells degrade Bm and ECM which decreases the path of resistance

Answer 11

``` chemical stimuli that pulls cells into normal tissues 3 sources normal cellular metabolism degradation of BM and ECM other tumor cells ```

Answer 12

bone, facsia, thick walled arterioals, pericardial sac

Answer 13

peritoneal lining and organs

Answer 14

when the tumor cells get into blood- get trapped and grow- gain access to a secondary site

Answer 15

when the emboli get into rt atria they can get into the lungs and metastise into the lungs (common site) liver- through the hepatic vein from the stomach or abdominal tumors more disseminated into tissues of high vascularity

Answer 16

thin walls easy to penetrate can trap emboli block lymph- increase the amount of lymph which leads to a higher field for metastasis lymph communicates with blood vessels which allows for additional blood vessel metastasis

Answer 17

tumors leave primary organs through a cavity and settle on a secondary organ

Answer 18

spread of the cell through medical intervention- rare

Answer 19

will survive- die bc of high blood flow

Answer 20

a high chance of surviving- pick up fibran

Answer 21

endothelial binding by tumor to endothelium of vessels ability to produce selective tumor enzymes- degrade vessel BM and ECM Variable growth factor at secondary site

Answer 22

- local reaction to tumor expansion into normal tissues and effects normal function - get decline in number of normal cells - cell atrophy occurs in response to tumor pressure - blood vessels become compressed, decreased nutrition and waste removal - all leads to tissue death

Answer 23

suppression of bone marrow and lymphoid tissue involvement disruption of body surface and barrier organism tumor reduces normal ciliary movement perforation of intestinal wall

Answer 24

decrease epo production gi tumors prevent iron b12 purine and folate absorption tumors destroy rbc

Answer 25

renal tumors increase epo

Answer 26

decrease purine and folate

Answer 27

direct invasion of tumor on to nerves tension on nerve endings as tumor grows highly sensitive areas (bones)

Answer 28

syndrome of general weakness, fatigue, wasting, anorexia, and pallor

Answer 29

specific growth factor that leads to increased metabolic consumption or nutrients and waste production known as necrosis factor a

Answer 30

toxic and necrotic debris | tumor progression steals nutrients from normal tissues

Answer 31

a very high amount of this tissue

Answer 32

tumor formation involves alteration in cellular reproduction based on chromosomal information governs cell growth and differation

Answer 33

little known BRCA1/BRCA2 colon affected also by environmental and cultural

Answer 34

suppress nucleac acids and suppress anti-tumor defenses | ex. radiation

Answer 35

UV sun exposure | ionizing- industrial and medical exposure

Answer 36

``` dna is interacted by viruses and can cause neoplastic changes few tumors have viral links cervical cancer liver cancer hep b burkitts lymphoma EBV virus ```

Answer 37

industrial chemicals and byproducts from food, clothing, medicine, cosmetics

Answer 38

cellular change introduced by inciting factor- irreversible change

Answer 39

factors that increase growth need long term exposure ex fat- colon cancer estrogen- breast cancer

Answer 40

surgical, various chemo results | in an organ

Answer 41

hemotologic cancer, number one malignant tumor of leukocytes are over produced spill into blood invasion of bony cavity = pain

Answer 42

rapid onset severe signs and symptoms more immature cells

Answer 43

graduall onset and progression mild signs and symptoms more mature cells

Answer 44

myeloid or granulocytic | lymphocytic or lyphoblastic

Answer 45

children and adolescents panocytopenia 50% cure rate chemo and radiation

Answer 46

adolescents to 40 yo similar to ALL see chromosomal abnormalities 75% recurrence rate at 18 months

Answer 47

``` most common kind of all leukemias common in those over 50 B cell origin adequate numbers but poor functioning life expectancy after chemo is 10 years ```

Answer 48

wbc> 100,000 enlarged liver and spleen due to infiltration similar presentation to CLL philadelphia chromosome= damaged chromosome 22 poor prognosis

Answer 49

caused by rapid production of blast cells presents as ALL | poor prognosis

Answer 50

solid tumors invades lymph node, but can act on bone marrow- if prolonged then the cancer will replace the lymph tumor

Answer 51

bone marrow, lymphoid tissue replacement, immune deficiencies, anemia, infection, lymph node enlargement

Answer 52

rare, adolescents and young adults presents as a single lymph node in cervical region rapid spread fatigue, wasting, fever

Answer 53

less regulated, enters blood and acts like leukemia | staging- complicated

neoplasia Flashcards

(77 cards)