Neoplasm 1

Question 1

What is neoplasia?

Answer 1

New growth. Not in response to a stimulus. Can be benign, premalignant or malignant

Question 2

What is a malignant neoplasm?

Answer 2

Neoplasms that has metastatic potential.

Question 3

What is metastases?

Answer 3

Spread of neoplasm to other sites. Epithelium has a basement membrane. Malignancy goes beyond the basement membrane.

Question 4

What is dysplasia?

Answer 4

Refers to disordered growth. Produces abnormal cells. Not in response to stimulus Can be benign or malignant (has to go beyond basement membrane of epithelium to be malignant) Graded. Dysplasia is often low grade. High grade uncommon and means its very close to becoming cancer.

Question 5

what is cervical screening?

Answer 5

Test used to detect dysplasia in the cervix before it becomes cancer

Question 6

What is carcinoma in situ?

Answer 6

Dysplasia affecting whole of the epithelium. Applies to non glandular epithelium. Eg in squamous epithelium. Last stage before cancer is invasive.

Question 7

What is metaplasia?

Answer 7

Change from one mature type of epithelium to another. Usually occurs in response to injurious stimulus. Eg bronchial epithelium turns into squamous epithelium in response to heat/chemical injury. Sites of metaplasia often associated with cancers.

Question 8

Common risk factors for cancer?

Answer 8

Genes, smoking, alcohol, UV radiation, drugs, infection. obesity.