Nephro

Question 1

Phospholipase a2 receptor antigen test positive in primary membranous nephropathy, negative in secondary membranous nephropathy

Question 2

Membranous nephropathy increase risk of blood clot when albumin less than 2.8

Question 3

Esrd increase risk for renal cell carcinoma with multiple cysts

Question 4

Tolvaptan is approved for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

Question 5

Ppi can cause hypomagnesemia

Question 6

Dm2 can have mild hypomagnesemia due to insulin resistance and sglt2 inhibitor cause increase magnesium level

Question 7

Surreptitious diuretic use can cause metabolic alkalosis

Question 8

Treatment of severe hypermagnesemia in esrd by calcium carbonate and hemodialysis
If normal kidney function, can use furosemide

Question 9

Topiramate can cause both type 1 and type 2 Renal tubular acidosis

Question 10

Renal percutaneous angioplasty done when

Answer 10

Short duration of htn
Atherosclerotic Reno vascular disease refractory to medical therapy
Severe htn or recurrent flash pulmonary edema
Aki following use of acei or arb
Progressive impaired kidney disease due to bilateral renovascular disease or unilateral affect one kidney

Question 11

Ifosfamide can cause fanconi syndrome

Question 12

Mesna can prevent hemorrhagic cystitis and bladder cancer from cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide

Question 13

Calcitriol should not be used in non dialysis dependent patient because risk of calcium overload, just use on esrd on dialysis

Question 14

Calcium based binder are calcium carbonate and calcium acetate
Non calcium based binder are sevelamer and lanthanum

Question 15

Cinacalcet a calcimimetic that decrease pth level us pda approved for pt who are undergo dialysis

Question 16

First line treatment of iga nephropathy is acei

Question 17

Bartter syndrome looks like furosemide effect
Gitelman syndrome look like thiazide diuretic
Liddle syndrome looks like amiloride or triamterene effect

Question 18

Clopidogrel can cause hemolytic uremic syndrome

Question 19

In salicylate toxicity, can caue res alkalosis, metabolic alkalosis and acidosis. Maintain serum ph 7.5-7.55 to avoid salicylic acid in the brain
Hemodialysis is used when salicylate level is higher 90

Question 20

Patient with fibromusculsr dysplasia should have at least one time assessment for intracranial aneurysm with brain cta or mra

Question 21

There is no fda approved drug for calciphylaxis but often use calcimimetic to suppress parathyroid hormone. Sometime use thiosulfate, an anti inflammatory agent can be used

Question 22

Use dexamethasone cause catabolic effect and increase urea causing urea diuresis. Treat with increase water and decrease dexa dose

Question 23

The differential diagnosis of rapid progressive GN is divided histologically into three patterns on immunofluorescence microscopy of the kidney biopsy like???

Answer 23

Pauci immune staining ANCA-mediated GN
Linear staining anti GBM GN
Granular staining Lupus nephritis

Question 24

Treatment of igg4 related disease is prednisone

Question 25

Igg4 on kidney cause lymphoplasmacytic cell infiltrate on kidney biopsy

Question 26

Acid uric kidney stone is radiolucent

Question 27

Treatment for tumor lysis syndrome with rasburicase because faster than allopurinol and febuxostat Urine alkalization can promote a favorable environment for precipitation of calcium phosphate

Question 28

Fabry disease is x linked disease

Question 29

Hereditary nephritis Alport syndrome is x linked disease 85% and autosomal recessive pattern 15%

Question 30

Iv iron can cause hypophosphatemia due to increase fibroblast growth factor 23 with cause phosphaturia and decrease 1-hydroxylation of vit D

Question 31

Hiv cause fsgs Hbv cause membranous nephropathy Hcv cause cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

Question 32

Ethylene glycol and methanol and isopropyl alcohol cause increase osmolar gap

Question 33

Migraine without aura: at least five headache attacks lasting 4-72 hours, at least 4 migraines characteristic as unilateral location, pulsating quality, inhibit or prohibit daily activities, aggravating by walking up or down stairs or similar routine physical activity. And at least one associated symptoms like nausea vomiting photophobia phonophobia. Not be accounted for by another diagnosis

Question 34

Treatment hyperkalemia by patiromer, sodium zirconium cyclosilicate, a potassium binder

Question 35

Mycophebolate mofetil is teratogenic, can switch to azathioprine because safer