Nervous System

Question 1

It is made up of the Brain and Spinal Cord.

Answer 1

The Central Nervous System

Question 2

the two classification of the nervous system are

Answer 2

Structural Classification
Functional Classification

Question 3

Structural Classification of the nervous system

Answer 3

Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System

Question 4

Functional Classification of the nervous system

Answer 4

Sensory or Afferent division
Motor or Efferent Division

Question 5

6 Important Parts of the brain

Answer 5

cerebrum
cerebellum
diecephalon
mid brain
pons
medulla oblungata

Question 6

the largest part of your brain and handles conscious thoughts and actions.

the most superior part of the brain

Answer 6

cerebrum

Question 7

responsible for coordinating voluntary movements.

which means “little brain,” is a part of the brain involved in coordinating movement and balance.

it can also play a role in cognitive functions like language and attention.

Answer 7

Cerebellum

Question 8

acts as a primary relay and processing center for sensory information and autonomic control

also called Interbrain

Answer 8

Diencephalon

Question 9

part of the Brainstem

associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep and wakefulness, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.

contains visual and auditory reflex centers

Answer 9

Midbrain

Question 10

bridge between various parts of the nervous system.

relays information from the cerebrum to the cerebellum

Answer 10

Pons

Question 11

containing control centers for the heart and lungs

manages heart, circulation and breathing

Answer 11

Medulla Oblungata

Question 12

four lobes of the Cerebrum or the Cerebral Hemispheres

Answer 12

Frontal lobe
Parietal Lobe
Occipital Lobe
Temporal Lobe

Question 13

is the part of the brain that controls important cognitive skills in humans, such as emotional expression, problem solving, memory, language, judgment, and sexual behaviors.

It is, in essence, the “control panel” of our personality and our ability to communicate.

Answer 13

Frontal Lobe

Question 14

They are divided into two functional regions.

One involves sensation and perception and the other is concerned with integrating sensory input, primarily with the visual system.

Answer 14

Parietal Lobe

Question 15

is the visual processing area of the brain.

It is associated with visuospatial processing, distance and depth perception, color determination, object and face recognition, and memory.

Answer 15

Occipital Lobe

Question 16

is involved in primary auditory perception, such as hearing, and holds the primary auditory cortex.

The primary auditory cortex receives sensory information from the ears and secondary areas process the information into meaningful units such as speech and words.

Answer 16

Temporal Lobe

Question 17

3 additional protection for the CNS

Answer 17

Meninges
Cerebrospinal Fluid
Blood-Brain Barrier

Question 18

refers to the membranous coverings of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 18

Meninges

Question 19

outermost layer of the meninges

Answer 19

Dura Mater

Question 20

middle, meningeal layer

Answer 20

Arachnoid Mater

Question 21

innermost layer, clings tightly to the surface of the brain.

Answer 21

Pia Mater

Question 22

It is a clear, colorless body fluid found in the brain and spinal cord.
- It cushions the brain and spinal cord when they’re struck with mechanical force.

Answer 22

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

Question 23

It is to protect the CNS against circulating toxins or pathogens that could cause brain infections, while at the same time allowing vital nutrients to reach the brain.

Answer 23

Blood-Brain Barrier

Question 24

is a long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue, which extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column

Answer 24

spinal cord

Question 25

functions primarily in the transmission of nerve signals from the motor cortex to the body, and from the afferent fibers of the sensory neurons to the sensory cortex

Answer 25

Spinal Cord

Question 26

It is also a center for coordinating many reflexes and contains reflex arcs that can independently control reflexes

Answer 26

Spinal Cord

Question 27

refers to parts of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord. - includes the cranial nerves, spinal nerves and their roots and branches, peripheral nerves, and neuromuscular junctions.

Answer 27

the Peripheral Nervous System

Question 28

NERVE TISSUE is composed of

Answer 28

Neurons or nerve cells Supporting Cells

Question 29

is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of fibers in the peripheral nervous system. - provides a structured pathway that supports the electrochemical nerve impulses transmitted along each of the axons. - its nerve cell is called the Neuron

Answer 29

The Nerve

Question 30

basic working unit of the nervous system. - designed to transmit information to other nerve cells, muscle, or gland cells - cells within the nervous system that transmit information to other nerve cells, muscle, or gland cells

Answer 30

The Neuron

Question 31

PARTS OF A NEURON

Answer 31

Soma or Cell Body Dendrite Axon Myelin Sheath Schwann Cell

Question 32

support the chemical processing of the neuron; the most important of which is the production of neurotransmitters.

Answer 32

Soma or Cell Body

Question 33

are appendages that are designed to receives communications from other cells.

Answer 33

dendrites

Question 34

a long slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body or soma

Answer 34

Axon

Question 35

an insulating layer, or sheath that forms around nerves, including those in the brain and spinal cord

Answer 35

Myelin Sheath

Question 36

play an essential role in the survival and functions of neurons

Answer 36

Schwann Cell

Question 37

Are lumped together as neuroglia or nerve glue

Answer 37

Supporting cells

Question 38

another term for supporting cells

Answer 38

glial cells

Question 39

the four supporting cells

Answer 39

Astrocytes Microglia Ependymal Oligodendrocytes

Question 40

also known as astroglia or astroglial cells - were discovered by scientist Karl Bergmann provide nutrients to neurons while maintaining the balance between cellular ions such as sodium chloride, potassium, and phosphate

Answer 40

Astrocytes

Question 41

resident immune cells of the brain. - remove neurons that don’t communicate properly, thus ensuring that information transfer between neurons is not interrupted

Answer 41

Microglia

Question 42

a thin membrane that lines the ventricles of the brain and the central column of the spinal cord their main function is to secrete, circulate, and maintain homeostasis of the cerebrospinal fluid that fills the ventricles of the central nervous system.

Answer 42

Ependymal

Question 43

wraps their flat extensions around CNS nerve fibers produces fatty insulating coverages called myelin Sheath

Answer 43

Oligodendrocytes

Question 44

2 divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 44

Cranial nerves Spinal nerves

Question 45

I. Olfactory II. Optic III. Oculomotor IV. Trochlear – V. Trigeminal – VI. Abducens – VII. Facial – VIII. Vestibulocochlear – IX. Glossopharyngeal - X. Vagus – XI. Spinal Accessory – XII. Hypoglossal –

Answer 45

1. smell 2. Vision 3. muscle function, pupil response 4. superior oblique muscle 5. facial muscles 6. eye movement 7. facial expressions 8. hearing and balance 9. taste 10. throat muscles 11. neck muscles 12. tongue muscles

Question 46

the structures through which the central nervous system (CNS) receives sensory information from the periphery - through which the activity of the trunk and the limbs is regulated.

Answer 46

31 spinal nerves

Question 47

is the motor subdivision of the PNS a control system that acts largely unconsciously and regulates bodily functions, such as the heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, pupillary response, urination, and sexual arousal. the primary mechanism in control of the fight-or-flight response.

Answer 47

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 48

Divisions of the ANS

Answer 48

Sympathetic Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System

Question 49

directs the body's rapid involuntary response to dangerous or stressful situations. A flash flood of hormones boosts the body's alertness and heart rate, sending extra blood to the muscles. The fight or flight response mechanism

Answer 49

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 50

called the “rest and digest” system conserves energy as it slows the heart rate, increases intestinal and gland activity, and relaxes sphincter muscles in the gastrointestinal tract.

Answer 50

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 51

is the part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of body movements via skeletal muscles. consists of afferent nerves or sensory nerves, and efferent nerves or motor nerve.

Answer 51

Somatic Nervous System

Question 52

sensory neurons carrying nerve impulses from sensory stimuli toward the central nervous system and brain. carry signals to the brain and spinal cord as sensory data. Transmits sensory data gathered from the skin, muscles and joints to the CNS.

Answer 52

Afferent or Sensory Nerves

Question 53

Nerve fibres carry impulses away from the central nervous system. Carries information from the CNS to the muscles and glands.

Answer 53

Efferent or Motor Nerves