Nervous System

Question 1

What are the stages in which the nervous system operates?

Answer 1

Stimulus, process, response

Question 2

What are the stages of the reflex response?

Answer 2

Stimulus, response, process

Question 3

What are the 3 types of neurons?

Answer 3

Sensory neurons, inter neurons, motor neurons

Question 4

What do sensory neurons do?

Answer 4

These neurons are attached to stimulus receptors and carry messages to the processing centers of the nervous system

Question 5

What do inter neurons do?

Answer 5

These neurons make up the processing centers of the nervous system

Question 6

What do motor neurons do?

Answer 6

These neurons carry a response message back to either a muscle or a gland

Question 7

What are oligodendrocytes?

Answer 7

Specialized cells that wrap tightly around axons to form the myelin sheath. They speed up the electrical signal (action potential) that travels down an axon

Question 8

What are microglia?

Answer 8

Special immune cells found only in the brain that can detect damaged or unhealthy neurons

Question 9

What are ependymal?

Answer 9

Form a lining along the brain ventricles and central canal. Besides providing a somewhat leaky barrier between the inner and outer regions of the brain, they are also responsible for secreting cerebral spinal fluid

Question 10

What are astrocytes?

Answer 10

Star-shaped glia that hold neurons in place, get nutrients to them, and digest parts of dead neurons

Question 11

What does the somatic nervous system control?

Answer 11

Voluntary (conscious) responses by activating skeletal muscles

Question 12

What are the two units the somatic nervous system is compromised of?

Answer 12

Sensory neurons, motor neurons

Question 13

What does the autonomic nervous system control?

Answer 13

The smooth muscle of the internal organs and glands – the parts of the body outside of conscious control

Question 14

What type of neurons does the autonomic system only consist of?

Answer 14

Motor neurons

Question 15

What are the two units the autonomic nervous system is compromised of?

Answer 15

Sympathetic system, parasympathetic system

Question 16

What is the sympathetic system?

Answer 16

Prepares the body for stressful situations as it sets off the “fight or flight” reaction

Question 17

What is the parasympathetic system?

Answer 17

Allows the body to restore itself back to its normal resting state after coping with stress

Question 18

What are the 2 units of the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 18

Autonomic, somatic

Question 19

What does the central nervous system consist of?

Answer 19

Brain and spinal cord

Question 20

What does the frontal lobe control?

Answer 20

Judgement, reasoning, personality

Question 21

What does the occipital lobe control?

Answer 21

Vision

Question 22

What does the parietal lobe control?

Answer 22

Touch

Question 23

What does the temporal lobe control?

Answer 23

Hearing

Question 24

What is an example of glial cell that produces myelin?

Answer 24

Schwaan cells produce myelin in the PNS

Question 25

What is the function of myelin?

Answer 25

Insulation and to speed up impulses

Question 26

What is the part of the brain that allows communication between the two hemispheres?

Answer 26

Corpus callosum

Question 27

The brain is surrounded by three membranes known as the _________

Answer 27

Meninges

Question 28

What type of neurons are found in the central nervous system?

Answer 28

Interneurons

Question 29

Which parts of the brain make up the brain stem?

Answer 29

Midprain, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 30

Which part of the brain is responsible for long term memory functioning?

Answer 30

Hippocampus

Question 31

What part of the brain controls autonomic functioning such as heart rate?

Answer 31

Medulla oblongata

Question 32

What does the cerebellum control?

Answer 32

Subconscious, skeletal muscle contractions required for movement, balance, posture and muscle coordination

Question 33

What does the thalamus do?

Answer 33

Coordinating and interpreting sensory information associated with touch, pain, heat and cold

Question 34

What does the hypothalamus do?

Answer 34

Control of hunger, body temperature, aggression and other aspects related to metabolism

Question 35

What does the pons do?

Answer 35

Serves as a relay station for information passing between the cerebrum, the cerebellum and the medulla

Question 36

What does the cerebrum do?

Answer 36

The major coordinating center for sensory information and motor responses. It is responsible for controlling speech, reasoning, memory and personality

Question 37

What does the cerebral cortex do?

Answer 37

Responsible for thinking, perceiving, producing and understanding language, and controlling voluntary movements

Question 38

What does the pituitary gland do?

Answer 38

Produces and releases hormones that control many other glands in the body.

Question 39

What are the types of photoreceptors found in the eye?

Answer 39

Cones and rods

Question 40

What are the 3 layers the eye is composed of?

Answer 40

Sclera, chloroid, retina

Question 41

During action potential , what type of ion rushes into the neuron?

Answer 41

Na+

Question 42

What is the name of the membrane structure that causes charge difference?

Answer 42

Sodium potassium pump

Question 43

What is the limbic system made up of?

Answer 43

Hypothalamus, hippocampus, amyglada

Question 44

What does the amyglada do?

Answer 44

Located on the left side of the thalamus and controls emotions such as aggression, fear and jealousy

Question 45

What type of voltage gated channels open that allow the internal charge to drop?

Answer 45

Voltage gated potassium ion channel