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Anatomy Week 1 > Nervous System Gen. Concepts > Flashcards

Nervous System Gen. Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

Ganglia

A

Collection of nerve cell bodies outside of the CNS

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2
Q

Two Types of Ganglia

A
  1. Sensory
    • Cranial Nerve Ganglia (CN V, VII, VIII, IX, X)
    • Spinal Nerve Ganglia (Dorsal Root Ganglia)
  2. Autonomic (motor/visceral)
    • Sympathetic (fight or flight)
    • Parasympathetic (rest & digest)
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3
Q

Where are Sensory Nerve Cell Bodies located?

A

Sensory nerve cell bodies are located in sensory ganglia OUTSIDE of the CNS

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4
Q

Posterior Horn of the Grey Matter of the Spinal Cord

what it contains & functions

A
  1. multipolar cell bodies of sensory nerve cells

2. have axons terminating @ higher levels of CNS or anterior horn (interneurons)

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5
Q

Lateral Horn of the Grey Matter of the Spinal Cord

  1. what is it composed of?
  2. where is it located
A
  1. Contains the multipolar cell bodies of PRE-GANGLIONIC cells of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)
  2. T1 to L2
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6
Q

Anterior Horn of the Grey Matter of the Spinal Cord

  1. what is its function?
  2. what is it composed of? (and what are their functions?)
A
  1. motor horn
  2. contains ALPHA MOTOR NEURONS
    • multipolar neuron innervating extrafusal skel. muscle
      GAMMA MOTOR NEURONS
    • multipolar innervating intrafusal skel. muscle of neuromuscular spindle
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7
Q

Lower Motor Neurons (alpha motor neurons) vs. Upper Motor Neurons

A
  • Upper motor neurons have cell bodies originating in CNS AND axons terminating in CNS
  • Lower motor neurons have cell bodies originating in CNS but axons terminate in PNS
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8
Q

Dorsal Column/Dorsal funiculus of the White Matter of the Spinal Cord

  1. what does it contain?
  2. what is its function?
A
  1. ascending axons of SENSORY NERVES ONLY
    • cell bodies are in dorsal root ganglia
  2. Carries info for touch and proprioception (position sense)
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9
Q

Lateral Column/Lateral Funiculus of the White Matter of the Spinal Cord

  1. What is it composed of?
  2. Where does it originate from?
A
  1. Both sensory and motor neuron axons
    a) ascending sensory nerve tract w/ cell’s body in dorsal horn
    b) descending motor nerve tract w/ cell’s body in upper level of neuraxis (brain stem/cerebellum)
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10
Q

Ventral Column/Funiculus of the White Matter of the Spinal Cord

  1. composed of?
  2. function?
A

Same as Lateral column!!

- ascending sensory tract (from dorsal horn)
- descending motor tract (from upper levels of neuroaxis)
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11
Q

What does GSA stand for?

- Where do they originate from?

A

General Somatic Afferents

- nerve fibers from the body & head (soma) to the CNS

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12
Q

What does SSA stand for?

- where do they originate?

A

Special Somative Afferents

- cranial nerve fibers from “special” body parts such as eye or ear to CNS

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13
Q

What does GVA stand for?

- where do they originate from?

A

General Visceral Afferent

- sensory nerves originating from viscera to the CNS

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14
Q

What does SVA stand for?

- where do they originate?

A

Special Visceral Afferent

- cranial nerves fibers from olfactory & taste buds

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15
Q

What does GSE stand for?

- where do they originate?

A

General Somatic Efferent
- nerve fibers that terminate on skeletal muscle

THERE ARE NO SSE fibers

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16
Q

What does GVE stand for?

- where do they originate?

A

General Visceral Efferent

- motor nerve fibers of the ANS
- 2 neuron system
	- 1st neuron in CNS & 2nd in ANS ganglion
17
Q

What does SVE stand for? NOT USED CLINICALLY!!
What other term is used to describe these?
- where does it originate?

A

Special Visceral Efferent - Branchial motor neurons

- Cranial nerve fibers terminating on skeletal muscle derived from branchial or pharyngeal arches

18
Q

Cranial Nerves

  1. Where do cranial nerve originate?
  2. Are Cranial nerves sensory, motor, or both?
A
  1. They originate from the brain stem (majority), cerebral hemisphere (CN1&2) or upper spinal cord (CN11)
  2. Cranial nerves can be purely sensory, purely motor, OR mixed
19
Q

Sensory Ganglia of the Cranial Nerves

A

There are 5 cranial nerves that have sensory ganglia

20
Q

Autonomic/Motor Ganglia of the Cranial Nerves

A

There are 3 cranial nerves that have autonomic ganglia

- cranial nerves contain pre-ganglionic fibers

21
Q

Major concept regarding cranial nerve ganglia

hint: think in terms of sensory vs. motor & sympathetic vs. parasympathetic

A

Cranial nerves have ONLY SENSORY & PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA

  • all sympathetic ganglia are associated with the spinal nerves

Anatomy Week 1 (5 decks)

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