Nervous System - Overview

Question 1

Structural divisions of the nervous system

Answer 1

Central Nervous System (CNS)

and

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Question 2

Central Nervous System

Answer 2

Brain and Spinal Cord

Nerves:

Nucleus - cell bodies

Tracts - axons

Question 3

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 3

• nervous tissue located outside of the CNS
• communication links bw the body and CNS

Nerves:

Ganglion - cell bodies

Nerves - axons

Question 4

Cranial Nerves

Answer 4

• nerves that provide direct communication bw the brain and the body
• all connect to the brain except the Accessory Nerve (CN XI)

Question 5

of cranial nerves

Answer 5

12 pairs

CN I - Olfactory Nerve

CN II - Optic Nerve

CN III - Oculomotor Nerve

CN IV - Tochlear Nerve

CN V - Trigeminal Nerve

CN VI - Abducens Nerve

CN VII - Facial Nerve

CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear Nerve

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal Nerve

CN X - Vagus Nerve

CN XI - Accessory Nerve

CN XII - Hypoglossal Nerve

Question 6

CN X

and

CN II

Answer 6

CN X - Vagus Nerve

• innervates heart, lungs, upper digestive tract and other chest/abdomen organs

CN XI - Accessory Nerve

• controls the trapezium
• the only cranial nerve that arises from the spinal cord

Question 7

Spinal Nerves

Answer 7

• allow communication between the spinal cord and the body
• connected to the spinal cord by rootlets - the dorsal root and ventral root
• divides into two major branches - the dorsal ramus and ventral ramus

Question 8

and names of Spinal Nerves

Answer 8

31 pairs of spinal nerves

8 Cervical

12 Thoracic

5 Lumbar

5 Sacral

1 Coccygeal

Question 9

Dorsal Ramus

Answer 9

• goes to the back region and innervates internal back muscles and skin of the back

Question 10

Ventral Ramus

Answer 10

• travels around the body wall and is distributed to the neck, trunk, and limbs (everything the dorsal ramus does not innervate)