Thorax I - Thoracic Wall Flashcards
(32 cards)
1
Q
Sternoclavicular Joint
A
- medial end of the clavicle
2
Q
Acromioclavicular Joint
A
- lateral end of the clavicle
3
Q
Clavicle
A
- bone of the pectoral girdle; superficially located
Articulates with:
- Sternum (at sternoclavicular joint)
- Scapula (at acromioclavicular joint)
Landmark:
- Midclavicular Line
4
Q
Midclavicular Line
A
- line on the sagittal plane that intersects the midpoint of the clavicle
5
Q
Sternum
A
- flat bone that forms part of the anterior chest wall; component of the ribcage
Three parts (superior –> inferior):
Manubrium
(Sternal Angle)
Sternal Body
Xiphoid Process
6
Q
Sternal Angle
A
- groove that marks the articulation between the manubrium and the body of the sternum
- at the articulation of the 2nd costal cartilage with the sternum
- aka Sternal Angle of Louis or Manubriosternal Junction
7
Q
Manubrium
A
- superior part of the sternum
8
Q
Body
A
- middle section of the sternum
9
Q
Xiphoid Process
A
- small peice of bone at the inferior part of the sternal body
10
Q
Jugular Notch
A
- notch on the superior aspect of the manubrium
- aka Suprasternal Notch
11
Q
Costal Margins
A
- the inferomedial edge of the ribcage, specifically the cartilagionous portion that connects ribs 7-10 to the sternum
12
Q
Coracoid Process
A
- landmark on the scapula
- projects anteriorly and serves as a site of muscle attachment
13
Q
Thoracic Cage
A
Formed by:
- 12 pairs of ribs
- 12 thoracic vertebrae
- sternum
14
Q
Ribs
A
- flat C-shaped bones that form part of the thoracic cage
- 21 pairs
- 1-7 articulate with the sternum via costal cartilage (true ribs)
- 8-10 articulate with the cartilage of the costal margin (false ribs)
11-12 do not have an anterior articulations (false ribs, floating ribs)
15
Q
True Ribs
A
- Ribs 1-7 that articulate with the sternum via costal cartilage
16
Q
False Ribs
A
- Ribs 8-12 that do not articulate with the sternum
- 8-10 articulate with the cartilage of the costal margin
- 11-12 do not have articular articulation = Floating Ribs
17
Q
Floating Ribs
A
- ribs 11-12 that do not articulate anteriorly with the sternum or the cartilage of the costal margin
18
Q
Thoracic Cavity
A
- area within the thoracic cage
- separated from the abdominal cavity by the diaphram
19
Q
Superior Portion of the Abdominal Cavity
A
- located inferiorly to the thoracic cavity
- contained within the thoracic cage
Contains:
- liver, spleen, pancrease, stomach
20
Q
Intercostal Spaces
A
- lie between adjacent ribs
- how gain access to the thoracic cavity
Contains:
- intercostal muscles (3 layers)
- intercostal arteries, veins, and nerves
21
Q
Intercostal Muscles
A
- fill gaps between adjacent ribs
- move ribs, thought to assist inspiration/experation
3 Layers:
External Intercostal (most superficial)
Internal Intercostal
Innermost Intercostal (most deep) - also includes transversus thoracis muscle
- intercostal nerve, arteries, and veins located between the internal and innermost muscle layers
22
Q
Intercostal Arteries
A
- travel with the intercostal nerves
- anterior and posterior intercostal arteries can develop anastomotic connections providing collateral channel if aorta or internal thoracic artery becomes occluded
VAN - order from superior to inferior
1 - Veins
2 - Arteries
3 - Nerve
23
Q
Posterior Intercostal Arteries
A
- branches of the thoracic aorta
24
Q
Anterior Intercostal Arteries
A
- branches of the internal thoracic artery
25
**Intercostal Veins**
- have a similar pattern to the arteries
Anteriorly - drain to the **internal thoracic vein**
Posteriorly - drain to the tributaries of the azygos vein (which drains into the SVC)
26
**Intercostal Nerves**
- ventral rami of spinal nerves between T1-T11
- provide efferent innervation to the muscles of the thoracic wall
- provide afferent innervation to the overlying skin
- ventral ramus of the T12 spinal nerve - **Subcostal Nerve**
27
**Subcostal Nerve**
- ventral ramus of the T12 spinal nerve
28
**Thoracentesis**
- procedure used to remove abnormal collections of fluid or air in the pleural cavity
29
The two primary sources of blood supply in the thorax
**Thoracic Aorta**
and
**Internal Thoracic Arteries**
30
**Thoracic Aorta**
- descends on the left side of the thorax
- gives rise to posterior intercostal arteries
31
**Internal Thoracic Arteries**
- branches of the subclaviean arteries
- descend parallel to the sternum
- give rise to anterior intercostal arteries
- terminate by bifurcating into the superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries
32
**Costal Groove**
- groove along the inferior margin of the superior rib that contains the intercostal nerves, arteries, and veins
