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HAE - Quiz 2 > Thorax I - Thoracic Wall > Flashcards

Thorax I - Thoracic Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Sternoclavicular Joint

A
  • medial end of the clavicle
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2
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint

A
  • lateral end of the clavicle
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3
Q

Clavicle

A
  • bone of the pectoral girdle; superficially located

Articulates with:

  • Sternum (at sternoclavicular joint)
  • Scapula (at acromioclavicular joint)

Landmark:

  • Midclavicular Line
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4
Q

Midclavicular Line

A
  • line on the sagittal plane that intersects the midpoint of the clavicle
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5
Q

Sternum

A
  • flat bone that forms part of the anterior chest wall; component of the ribcage

Three parts (superior –> inferior):

Manubrium

(Sternal Angle)

Sternal Body

Xiphoid Process

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6
Q

Sternal Angle

A
  • groove that marks the articulation between the manubrium and the body of the sternum
  • at the articulation of the 2nd costal cartilage with the sternum
  • aka Sternal Angle of Louis or Manubriosternal Junction
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7
Q

Manubrium

A
  • superior part of the sternum
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8
Q

Body

A
  • middle section of the sternum
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9
Q

Xiphoid Process

A
  • small peice of bone at the inferior part of the sternal body
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10
Q

Jugular Notch

A
  • notch on the superior aspect of the manubrium
  • aka Suprasternal Notch
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11
Q

Costal Margins

A
  • the inferomedial edge of the ribcage, specifically the cartilagionous portion that connects ribs 7-10 to the sternum
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12
Q

Coracoid Process

A
  • landmark on the scapula
  • projects anteriorly and serves as a site of muscle attachment
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13
Q

Thoracic Cage

A

Formed by:

  • 12 pairs of ribs
  • 12 thoracic vertebrae
  • sternum
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14
Q

Ribs

A
  • flat C-shaped bones that form part of the thoracic cage
  • 21 pairs
  • 1-7 articulate with the sternum via costal cartilage (true ribs)
  • 8-10 articulate with the cartilage of the costal margin (false ribs)

11-12 do not have an anterior articulations (false ribs, floating ribs)

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15
Q

True Ribs

A
  • Ribs 1-7 that articulate with the sternum via costal cartilage
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16
Q

False Ribs

A
  • Ribs 8-12 that do not articulate with the sternum
  • 8-10 articulate with the cartilage of the costal margin
  • 11-12 do not have articular articulation = Floating Ribs
17
Q

Floating Ribs

A
  • ribs 11-12 that do not articulate anteriorly with the sternum or the cartilage of the costal margin
18
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A
  • area within the thoracic cage
  • separated from the abdominal cavity by the diaphram
19
Q

Superior Portion of the Abdominal Cavity

A
  • located inferiorly to the thoracic cavity
  • contained within the thoracic cage

Contains:

  • liver, spleen, pancrease, stomach
20
Q

Intercostal Spaces

A
  • lie between adjacent ribs
  • how gain access to the thoracic cavity

Contains:

  • intercostal muscles (3 layers)
  • intercostal arteries, veins, and nerves
21
Q

Intercostal Muscles

A
  • fill gaps between adjacent ribs
  • move ribs, thought to assist inspiration/experation

3 Layers:

External Intercostal (most superficial)

Internal Intercostal

Innermost Intercostal (most deep) - also includes transversus thoracis muscle

  • intercostal nerve, arteries, and veins located between the internal and innermost muscle layers
22
Q

Intercostal Arteries

A
  • travel with the intercostal nerves
  • anterior and posterior intercostal arteries can develop anastomotic connections providing collateral channel if aorta or internal thoracic artery becomes occluded

VAN - order from superior to inferior

1 - Veins

2 - Arteries

3 - Nerve

23
Q

Posterior Intercostal Arteries

A
  • branches of the thoracic aorta
24
Q

Anterior Intercostal Arteries

A
  • branches of the internal thoracic artery
25
Q

Intercostal Veins

A
  • have a similar pattern to the arteries

Anteriorly - drain to the internal thoracic vein

Posteriorly - drain to the tributaries of the azygos vein (which drains into the SVC)

26
Q

Intercostal Nerves

A
  • ventral rami of spinal nerves between T1-T11
  • provide efferent innervation to the muscles of the thoracic wall
  • provide afferent innervation to the overlying skin
  • ventral ramus of the T12 spinal nerve - Subcostal Nerve
27
Q

Subcostal Nerve

A
  • ventral ramus of the T12 spinal nerve
28
Q

Thoracentesis

A
  • procedure used to remove abnormal collections of fluid or air in the pleural cavity
29
Q

The two primary sources of blood supply in the thorax

A

Thoracic Aorta

and

Internal Thoracic Arteries

30
Q

Thoracic Aorta

A
  • descends on the left side of the thorax
  • gives rise to posterior intercostal arteries
31
Q

Internal Thoracic Arteries

A
  • branches of the subclaviean arteries
  • descend parallel to the sternum
  • give rise to anterior intercostal arteries
  • terminate by bifurcating into the superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries
32
Q

Costal Groove

A
  • groove along the inferior margin of the superior rib that contains the intercostal nerves, arteries, and veins

HAE - Quiz 2 (7 decks)

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