nervous system part 2 Flashcards
(17 cards)
What cells cannot remove myelin quickly?
Oligodendrocytes and microglia cells cannot remove myelin quickly.
What restricts the migration of macrophages in the brain?
The blood-brain barrier restricts a large number of migrating macrophages.
What does myelin debris contain?
Myelin debris contains several inhibitors of axon regeneration.
What structures are part of the diencephalon?
Thalamus, Hypothalamus, and Epithalamus.
What is the role of the thalamus?
The thalamus is effectively the gateway to the cerebral cortex and serves as a relay station for information.
What functions does the thalamus mediate?
The thalamus mediates sensation, motor activities, cortical arousal, learning, and memory.
What is the function of the hypothalamus?
The hypothalamus is the autonomic control center and regulates emotional response, body temperature, food intake, water balance, thirst, sleep-wake cycles, and the endocrine system.
What does the hypothalamus regulate?
The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, food intake, water balance, thirst, sleep-wake cycles, and the endocrine system.
What is the role of the pineal gland?
The pineal gland is part of the epithalamus.
What structures are included in the brain stem?
The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
What do the brain stem structures house?
They house origins of 10 of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves.
What is the function of the midbrain?
The midbrain is involved in hearing and visual reflexes and links the forebrain and spinal cord.
What does the pons contain?
The pons contains relay nuclei between the cerebrum and cerebellum and the pneumotaxic center.
What are the functions of the medulla oblongata?
The medulla oblongata functions as the cardiovascular center, vasomotor center, respiratory center, and reflex center for vomiting, coughing, sneezing, and swallowing.
What is the role of the reticular formation?
The reticular formation governs the arousal of the brain as a whole.
What inhibits the RAS?
The RAS is inhibited by sleep centers in the hypothalamus and is depressed by alcohol, sleep-inducing drugs, and tranquilizers.
What is the function of the cerebellum?
The cerebellum is responsible for muscle coordination and maintenance of equilibrium and posture.
