Nervous Tissue Flashcards
In what 3 important ways do neurones differ from standard cells?
- Specialised metabolism
- Cell membranes contain selective ion channels
- Neurons have long cell processes radiation from the cell body
What 3 types of transport proteins are found in neurones?
- Ligand-gated
- Voltage-gated
- Sodium-Potassium ion pumps
What are the supporting cells surrounding neurones called? What is their function?
Glial cells -maintenance and nutrition of neurones
Which neurotransmitter is found at neuromuscular junctions? Is it sympathetic/parasympathetic?
Acetylcholine - parasympathetic
What is the main excitatory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system?
Glutamate
What is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain?
Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA)
Is GABA inhibitory/excitatory?
Inhibitory
What is the neurotransmitter used between postsynaptic neurones and target tissues in the sympathetic nervous system?
Noradrenaline
What is the neurotransmitter used between postsynaptic neurones and target tissues in the parasympathetic nervous system?
Acetylcholine
A deficiency of which neurotransmitter is involved in some types of depression? What type of drugs can be used for treatment in some types of depression?
Serotonin - Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
Give an example of a disease associated with neuromuscular junctions. Give some symptoms
Myasthenia gravis
Muscle fatigue, difficulty in eye movements, speech, swallowing
What are microglia?
Phagocytic cells in only the CNS
What are nuclei in terms of the nervous system?
Group of cell bodies in the CNS
What are ganglia in terms of the nervous system?
Group of cell bodies in the PNS
What is the name given to a group of cell bodies in the PNS?
Ganglia
