Neuro Flashcards
(26 cards)
cerebellum tests
gait: watch them walk
Romberg: stand legs together arms at side, close hyes and hold position for 20 seconds
rapid alternating movements
-pat knees with both hands; flip back and forth
-touch thumb to each fingers both directions
-finger to finger
-heel to shin
sensory tests
stereognosis- hold an object with eyes closed and ID it
graphesthesia- a number is drawn on your back can you ID it
two point discrimination- can you distinguish separation of two simultaneous pin points on skin
extinction- touch two body parts at the same time- both knees, both shoulders
6 P’s
pain- due to ischemia (loss of blood flow)
pallor- due to impaired circulation
pulselessness- sign of impaired circulation
paralysis- body part cannot move
paresthesias- tingling / numbness
poiklothermic- one limb is cold and the other is warm
cranial nerves
1- olfactory- smell 2- optic- PERRLA 3- oculomotor- PERRLA / cardinal fields 4- trochlear- cardinal fields 5- trigeminal- forehead, cheeks, chin 6- abducens- cardinal fields 7- facial- smile, frown, eyebrows 8- vestibulocochlear- clear speech normal convo 9- glossopharyngeal 10- vagus- say ahh and uvula / soft palate rise midline 11- spinal accessory- shrug shoulders 12- hypoglossal- light tight dynamite; should sound clear and distinct
biceps reflex
normal = flexion of arm and contraction of bicep muscle
triceps reflex
normal = extension of arm, contraction of tricep muscle
brachioradialis reflex
normal = supination and flexion of arm
quadriceps reflex
extension of lower leg
achilles reflex
foot plantar flexes against your hand
babinksi reflex
toes fan out; abnormal in adult
Glascow Coma Scale
15- best; 8 or less = coma
wernickes area
understanding speech
brocas area
speaking
receptive aphasia
sounds like a different language
expressive aphasia
cannot speak but they understand the language
hypothalmus
controls vital signs
basal ganglia
coordinate movements, automatic associated movements of body
thalamus
relay station where sensory pathways of spinal cord, cerebellum and brain stem form synapses
frontal lobe
personality
parietal lobe
sensation
aging adult changes
slower reaction time dizziness memory benign tremors sudden vision change
deep tendon reflex scale
4- hyperactive with clonus (twitching)
3- brisker than average, may indicate disease
2- normal
1- low normal, or occurs with reinforcement
0- no response
signs of alzheimers
memory loss losing track forgetting words getting lost poor judgment losing things mood swings personality changes growing passive abstract failing
cogwheel rigidity
increased tone that releases with small jerks
parkinsons
