Neuro Flashcards
(44 cards)
Neurobiological disorder characterized by a spectrum of symptoms involving impairment and social interaction, impairment in interpersonal communication, and restrictive and repetitive behaviors and interest
Autism
Causes / risk factor of autism
No association with vaccines
Genetic cause environment may impact expression of genetic material example advanced paternal age, toxin exposure during pregnancy
Highly heritable
Makes >female
Normal growth and development usually reported till two years of age then delays in language, imaginative play, social interactions
Part of diagnostic criteria for autism
Occurs before the age of three
Social pragmatic communication disorder criteria
Deficits in communicating for social purposes such as greeting or sharing information
Impairment
In the ability to change communication to match the context or needs of the listener speaking differently in a classroom versus on a playground talking differently to a child and adult etc.
Difficulty understanding what is not explicitly stated
Difficulty following rules for conversation and storytelling taking turns in conversation, rephrasing what is misunderstood
When is targeted developmental screening for autism spectrum disorders
9, 18, and 30 months
ASD specific screening at 18, 24 months, or any time when there is a high suspicion of the problem
Vascular dilatation
Primary headache because we have cranial artery distention
E.g. migraine, fever, basal dilator drugs, systematic infection
Muscular contraction
Primary headache caused head and neck muscle contraction (e.g. tension or psycho genic headache)
Stress headache
Traction headache
Primary headache caused: space occupying lesion (E.g. brain tumors, mass lesions, hematoma, I CP)
Inflammation headache
Type of primary headache because involving infection (e.g. meningitis, sinuses, teeth)
Migraine headaches or what type of headache
Vascular
Common migraine
No aura
<10 Years at Onset
Classic migraine
Onset with aura>10 years
Triggers for migraines
Emotional or physical stress, lack of exercise, lack of sleep, missed meals, specific foods, alcohol, nitrates, ministration
What lab should be performed for a migraine
CMP, CBC, ESR, CT of head, venereal disease research laboratory test (VDLR)
Petite mal
Absence seizure
Grand mal
Tonic clonic seizure
Partial seizure
Focal origin one hemisphere
Simple partial seizures
No loss of consciousness
Complex partial seizures
Impaired consciousness (staring)>20Seconds before, during, or after symptoms
Von Recklinghausen disease
Neurofibromatosis; a Nuro cutaneous syndrome characterized by numerous Café au lait Spots on the body
Progressive disorder
NF1=von Recklinghausen disease most common
NF2
Diagnostic criteria for neurofibromatosis
Must have at least two:
Six or more CLS spots>5mm prepubertal child
Or >15mm Post pubertal
Two or more cutaneous neurofibromas (fleshy warts)
Axillary or inguinal freckling
Two or more Iris Lisch nodules (Black speckles in eyes)
Distinctive osseous lesions
Autosomal dominant; present in a first-degree relative
What is a key difference between NF1 and NF2
Lisch nodules on the iris are characteristic of NF1 and not seen in significant numbers in NF2
NF2 not associated with cognitive impairment often seen in NF1
Bruising on mastoid bone battle sign or raccoon eyes is what type of skull fracture?
Basal
Hospitalization for skull fractures
More than a momentary loss of consciousness, lethargy, confusion, irritable, severe headache changes in speech or movements, significant bleeding, vomiting 1 to 2 hours following injury, seizure
