Neuro

Question 1

most common tumour to haemorrhage

Answer 1

Glioblastoma

Question 2

Most common Extra axial tumour

Answer 2

Meningioma

Question 3

Most common intra axial tumour

Answer 3

Glioma

Question 4

Communiciating hydrocephalus is caused by

Answer 4

Leptomeningeal mets

Question 5

Describe some classic tumour mimics

Answer 5

abscess
subacute infarcts
tumefactive demyelination
aneurysm
degenerative cystic lesions

Question 6

a single lesion on its own could be….

Answer 6

primary or if over 50 years old think solitary met

Question 7

Mutliple lesions in brain think

Answer 7

mets but could be a primary eg muti glioblastoma

Question 8

How to know if a mass is intra or extra axial

Answer 8

Extra axial
- cleft of CST
- grey matter seperating the mass from white matter.

Question 9

CPA tumour

Answer 9

schwannoma
meningioma
epidermoid cyst

Question 10

Pineal tregion

Answer 10

germ cell
pineal parenchymal tumours

Question 11

Butterfly lesion

Answer 11

glioblastoma (GBM)
lymphoma

Question 12

Corticol based lesion

Answer 12

PXA
DNET
Oligodendroglioma
ganglioma

Question 13

Central skull base

Answer 13

chordona
chondrosarcoma

Question 14

suprasellar

adults vs paeds

Answer 14

adult
- pituitary adenoma

paeds
- craniopharyngioma

Question 15

Post fossa

adults vs paeds

Answer 15

aduylts
- haemangioblastoma

paeds
- pilocytic astrocytoma
meulloblastoma
ependymoma

Question 16

intraventricular

adults vs paeds

Answer 16

adult
- meningioma

paeds
- choroid plexus papilloma

Question 17

Monra

adult vs paeds

Answer 17

adult
- colloid cyst

paeds
- suependymal giant cell astrocytoma

Question 18

if the lesion is T1 bright what does that result in

Answer 18

there is
fat, haemorrhage, melanin or protein present

Question 19

if T2 dark, means

Answer 19

high cellularity, haemorrhage, calc, protein

Question 20

if the lesion contrast enhances then

Answer 20

extra axial

Question 21

Types of tumour with fat in it

Answer 21

lipoma
dermoid cyst
teratoma

Question 22

extra axial lesion with calc….

Answer 22

meningioma / craniopharyngioma

Question 23

intra axial lesion with calc…

Answer 23

astrocytoma / Oligodendroglioma

Question 24

most haemorrhagic tumours are malignant except for

Answer 24

pituitary macroadenoma

Question 25

hypercellularity tumours will have what on MRI

Answer 25

restrict and low T2

Question 26

examples of high cellularity tumours

Answer 26

lymphoma medulloblastoma germinoma some gliomas

Question 27

Cystic tumour in the supratentorial with a mural nodule

Answer 27

ganglioglioma PXA

Question 28

cystic tumour in the intratentorial with an enhancing nodule

Answer 28

Pilocystic atrocytoma haemangioblastoma

Question 29

Cystic lesion in the sellar region

Answer 29

pituitary adneoma craniopharyngioma Rathke cleft cyst

Question 30

what are the types of glial cells

Answer 30

Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Ependymal cells Choroid plexus cells

Question 31

if glioblastoma is in 3 lobes called

Answer 31

Gliamatosis cerebri

Question 32

features of Oligodendroglioma

Answer 32

poorly circumscribed T2 brigh calc expansive frontal temporal

Question 33

Where is oligodendroglioma found

Answer 33

supratentorial frontal temporal lobes

Question 34

List some supratentorial cortical tumours note these are rare

Answer 34

P DOG MD PXA DNET Oligodendrogliomas Gangliogliomas MVNT DIA/DIG

Question 35

feature of PXA

Answer 35

pial tail

Question 36

DNET is

Answer 36

bubbly

Question 37

Posterior fossa intra axial tumour the mnemonic is

Answer 37

BEAM in kids Brainstem glioma Ependymoma Astrocytoma medullblastoma Adults mets Haemagnioblastoma

Question 38

Of BEAM which is expansive mass, solid

Answer 38

Diffuse midline glioma

Question 39

JPA in optic think

Answer 39

NF1

Question 40

Toothpaste lesion

Answer 40

Ependymoma

Question 41

Subependymoma affect

Answer 41

middle to older age

Question 42

Subependyomoma found in

Answer 42

walls of the ventricles

Question 43

Features of medulloblastoma

Answer 43

hyperattneuating on plain scan effaces the 4th ventricle

Question 44

most common paeds tumour

Answer 44

medulloblastoma

Question 45

Turcot Li Fraumani Gorlic ax with

Answer 45

medullblastoma

Question 46

mri medulloblastoma

Answer 46

low T2 low adc

Question 47

most common cause of drop mets

Answer 47

medulloblastoma

Question 48

what are the causes of spontaenous intracerebral haemorrhage

Question 49

supratentorial brian is split into which two areas for intracranial haemorrhage

Answer 49

lobar deep.

Question 50

Classic CT mimics of ICH

Answer 50

basal ganglia clacification hyperdesne cysts subacute blood is isointense to brain parenchyma.

Question 51

How does MRI distinguish calcium and haemorrhage

Answer 51

SWI - both low. Opposite signal on filtered phase map. (if haemorrhage look to same intenstiy as sinus or choroid plexus for calcifiatinon) blood- paragmagnetic. calc - diamagnetic.

Question 52

Primary ICH in deep brain due to

Answer 52

hypertensive age risk factors -

Question 53

types of small vessel disaese causing lobar haemorrhage

Answer 53

cerebral amyloid angiopathy arteriosclerosis

Question 54

why differentiate between CAA and arteriosclerosis

Answer 54

post stroke dementia and risk of repaet bleed in CAA

Question 55

how to categorise CAA

Answer 55

Modified Boston criteria

Question 56

Probable CAA is considreed as

Answer 56

>55 years multiple lobar haemorrhagic foci Absence of other causes

Question 57

Possibel CAA

Answer 57

>55 years single lobar haemorrhagic foic asbence of other causes

Question 58

subarachnoid and finger like haemorrhage projections should make you think

Answer 58

amyloid angiopathy

Question 59

examples of secondary cuases of ICH

Answer 59

avm dural AVF aneurysm Venous sinus thrombosis Tumour

Question 60

Secondary ICH - location

Answer 60

posterior fossa most common

Question 61

finger like haemorrhages ddx

Answer 61

venous sinus thrombosis amyloid angiopathy

Question 62

ICH scsore - which bits are from imaging

Answer 62

SUpra vs Infratentorial Volume (30ml).

Question 63

What are the predictors of ICH growth?

Answer 63

Anticoagualtion Early scanning ICH volume

Question 64

ICH what to report

Answer 64

Epicentre volume intraventricular? hydrocephalus? small vessel disease CTA spot sign