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Med Surg 2 > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

5 major components

A

level of consiouness
motor function
eye signs
respirator
vital signs

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2
Q

what is the earliest and most reliable indicator of increased ICP

A

level of consiousness
GCS

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3
Q

normal ICP

A

0-15

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4
Q

what is bad ICP

A

sustained above 20

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5
Q

what is the way to assess for motor to pain

A

trapezius squeeze

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6
Q

GCS

A

motor
eyes
verbal

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7
Q

decorticate

A

into the core
flexion

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8
Q

decerebrate

A

externsion
down

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9
Q

dermatomes is best for

A

spinal injury

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10
Q

who might have decreased smell

A

elderly

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11
Q

why is pupils PERRL and not PERRLA

A

A is accommodation and we normally do not turn lights off

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12
Q

anisocoria

A

unequal pupils

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13
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

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14
Q

corneal reflex

A

touch eye and see if reflex

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15
Q

oculocephalic reflex is also called

A

dolls eyes

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16
Q

what is normal for dolls eyes

A

turn eyes to the side (follow)

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17
Q

occulovestibular

A

cold caloric test

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18
Q

cold caloric test normal

A

syrginge of cold water into ear and eyes should go to that sidel

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19
Q

lid lag

A

eye does not close all the way

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20
Q

central neurogenic hyperventilation

A

increase RR

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21
Q

cushings triad tells us what

A

INCREASE ICP

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22
Q

what is cushings triad

A

widened pulse pressure (increase sbp)
decrease pulse
decrease respiration

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23
Q

what is herniated

A

push brain tissue else where

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24
Q

s/s of basilar fracture

A

raccoons eyes
halo sign
battle sign

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25
Q

ptosis

A

eye drooping

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26
Q

homonymous hemianopsia

A

lose vision on one side
- the side of the name is the side of lacking of vision

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27
Q

vision changes mean it is worse or better

A

worse

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28
Q

tardive dysnekeisa is caused by

A

psych meds
- newer ones not so much

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29
Q

what is a seizure

A

increase brain activity
usually underlying cause

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30
Q

what are some causes of seizure

A

alcohol
withdrawl
electrolyte
tumor
trauma
flashing lights

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31
Q

aura

A

subjective

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32
Q

what meds to stop the seizure

A

valium or ativanIV

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33
Q

what to do if having a seizure

A

put on side
clear the area around
nothing in mouth

34
Q

what is lacking in coma

A

arousal and awareness

35
Q

are comas always caused by one cause

A

no can be multiple

36
Q

what are the 2 main categories of coma

A

structural
metabolic

37
Q

what do we need to do with our assessment for coma

A

REPEAT

38
Q

persistent vegetive state

A

either full coma or wake up a little but still no awareness

39
Q

what is known as mini stroke

A

TIA

40
Q

know modifiable vs nonmodifable

A
41
Q

hemorrhaging vs ischemic

A

hemorrhaging is bleeding
ischemic is occulsion

42
Q

what is the majority of strokes

A

ischemic

43
Q

TIA

A

transit ischemic attack is a temporary neulogoci defect caused by cerebrovascular disease that leaves no imaging or clinical trace

44
Q

can ishemic turn into hemorrhagic

A

yes

45
Q

greatest risk factor for ischemic stroke

A

hypertension
* also dyslipidemia, diabetes, smoking, carotid atherosclerosis, a fib

46
Q

treatment for ischemic stroke

A

fibrinolytic therapy
AKA TPA

47
Q

time for TPA

A

3-4 hours

48
Q

brain stem

A

N/V

49
Q

hemorrhage

A

decrease LOC

50
Q

carotid

A

numbness
language

51
Q

veretebrobasilar

A

visual
paralysis
vertigo

52
Q

door to CT

A

25 min

53
Q

Door to ct READ

A

45 min

54
Q

door to thrombolytic therapy

A

60 min

55
Q

NIHHS range

A

0-42

56
Q

why might want to keep BP generally high in ischemic

A

ensure blood flow

57
Q

when do we treat for ischemic
- when is BP too high

A

SBP 220
DBP 120
MAP 130

58
Q

what do we want to do before TPA adminstration

A

IV, foley, end
cause HIGH BLEEDING RISK

59
Q

indicator to brain bleed

A

ICP

60
Q

BE FAST

A

balance
eyes
facial droop
arm
speach
time

61
Q

causes of a subarachnoid hemorrhage `

A

cerebral anerysm or AVM bleed

62
Q

S/s of subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

WORST HEADACHE EVER

63
Q

best way to find cerebral aneurysm

A

CT scanh

64
Q

how to fix cerebral ansrsum

A

clip= rupture
coil= no rupture

65
Q

subarchanonoid hemorrhage triple H therapy

A

hypertensive
hypervolemic
hemodilutuon

66
Q

epidural hematoma S/s

A

lose consciousness
lucid
rapid deterioration
normally feel better after consciousness regained but then could die

67
Q

acute subdural

A

deteriorate in first 24 hours

68
Q

subacute subdural

A

4-21 days

69
Q

chronic subdural

A

after 21
* might not even remember hitting head

70
Q

intracerebral is associated with

A

trauma and answesym

71
Q

diffuse axonal injury

A

shearing of neurons
SPINING/TURNING

72
Q

how will CT look in diffuse axonal injury

A

normal
- multiple little spots of bleeding

73
Q

secondary injurt

A

anything that results from that primary injurt

74
Q

more seconday

A

more risk of death

75
Q

normal ICP

A

0-15

76
Q

cerebral perfusion pressure

A

how much blood pressure flow to brain

77
Q

normal CPP

A

70-100

78
Q

how to calculate CPP

A

MAP-ICP

79
Q

Uncial herniation

A

pushing of Brain tissue else where
- cells, CSF, blood

80
Q

what can cause herniation

A

increase ICP=sodium, straining, exercise, stress, suctioning, coughing

81
Q

do not want ICP sustained over20

A
82
Q

how to calculate MAP

A

(2x DBP) + SBP
_______________
3

Med Surg 2 (32 decks)

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