Neuro Flashcards
What is the Opiate that doesn’t react with Nalaxone, creating Suboxone?
What is the Opiate that causes Withdrawal side effects if coadministered with other opiates? what does it do?
What is the opiate that also works as an antidepressant? What does it do?
What are the opiates used in diarrhea?
Buprenorphine (Be a friend and ween me off morphine)
Butorphan (But I took morphine, why I’m I shaking?). Weak mu and Kappa agonist
Tramadol (“tram it all” in together). Weak mu agonist and increases Serotonin/Norepinephrine reuptake
Diphenoxylate/Loperamide
What are the Opiate generalities of mechanism? Side effects? Antidotes?
Mu receptor agonists. Addiction, respiratory/CNS depression**, **Miosis, and constipation (tolerance is slow, so remains longer than pain suppression). Naloxone/Naltrexone
What is the mechanism of action of Phenytoin and Carbamazepine? What is Phenytoin used for?
What are the side effects of Phenytoin?
What is Carbamazepine used for?
What are the side effects of Carbamazepine?
How do I remember all of this?
Na channel inactivation.
Any seizure, but Absence, 1st line for Grand Mal, prophylaxis for Status seizure, and an antiarrhythmic
Nystagmus, diplopia, ataxia, sedation, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, megaloblastic (folate)anemia/teratogen (fetal hydantoin syndrome), SLE-like, and Induces P450
1st line for Grand mal, partial seizures and CN V neuralgia (because it is amazing)
Diplopia, ataxia, blood dyscrasias (agranulocytosis/aplastic anemia), liver toxicity, teratogenic, induces P450, Syndrome of Innapropriate ADH, and allergies.
Corbin the amazing will Rev you up and get you out of your slump with this Phunny coin. Now watch closely as this one coin with the man with the Phuny smile becomes two. I bet you can’t even walk now that was so amazing. Something to tell your children to terrify them. For Corbin the amazing’s finale I will stop you from pissing yourselves.
What is the Mechanism of action, what it treats, main side effect(s), and memory aid of the following; Lamotrigine, Gabapentin, Topiramate, Phenobarbital, Valproic acid, Ethosuximide, and MgSO4
Blocks voltage-gated** Na channels, Partial/Grand mal seizures (default of below), Allergy, **Lam**bs _**tri**_p**in’ on voltage fences need Lamotrigine.
Inhibits HVA Ca channels, Default + Peripheral neuropathy/Bipolar, Sedation/Ataxia, Ya G**ott**a** be re_pentin_’ and **H__VA** a **Caring heart to be saved from seizures, satan (bipole to god), and earthly pain; though you may be dull for it.
Blocks Na channels/Increases GABA action**, Default, Sedation/Kidney stones/weight loss, **Top** of the morning **GABA** **Mate** that all alcohol diet has made you **lose weight** but **sedates/kidney stones.
Increases GABA** **duration** (Barbi_duration), 1st line in **pregnant/children**, Sedation/tolerance/dependence/Induces P450, yo **Gaba GABA** is an **action** **Phen** with no barb_ a_t al_l so he is good for the **children** though it **sedates** me and sometimes _Rev_s me up if I can’t **tolerate it.
Increases** **GABA concentration** and Na channel inactivation, Treats **ABSENT/**1st line for _**grand mal**/**Myoclonic seizures**, GI distress/ **Fatal hepatotoxicity**(rare)/ Teratogen(spina bifida)/ tremor/ weight gain, **Val**_kyrie’s come for the most her**oic warriors that have become still or are having their last death jerks in _concentrat_ed battlefields; they can’t come at birth because they have _no spine_ yet; at _Val_hala is paradise except for the _rare_ _O/D on ale_ and the _weight gain_.
Blocks thalamic T-type Ca channels, 1st line for Absence seizures, GI distress/fatigue/headache/urticaria(hives)/allergy, Adam sandler on _Eth_anol _sux_ in my mind; T-t-today Jr. is his best joker ever though I do tire of the diarrhea he puts out; it gives me a headache
Unknown, Torsades de pointes/Eclampsia/constipation
What are Benzodiazepines for? What is their mechanism of action? What are their side effects? What are they? What is their antidote?
How do I remember this shit?
1st line for acute status** seizures, can treat eclampsia, night terrors/sleepwalking, hypnotic, and as an anesthetic (**amnesia/ muscle relaxant**). Increases **GABAA Frequency** and **Decreases REM sleep**. Sedation/tolerance/dependence. -azepam, -azolam, -diaze-. **Flumazenil
It Benz** s_o_ long since tapping **d**at _**az** I **pine** for that I can hardly **tolera**te it. I need it **NOW** and **frequen**tly; it is taking **away my dreams**. I might need an antidote, I’m **Fum**_ing over that _**az** a ‘lil_**
What is the mechanism of action Tiagabine, Vigabatrin, and Levetiracetam? What do they treat?
How do I remember this shit?
Inhibits GABA reuptake (Tiagabine), Irreversibly inhibits GABA transaminase (Vigab__atrin), and Unknown. Unifocal seizures.
Tia** be **mine and she refuses to pick up, I am permanently inhibited despite Viagra and a transam**, **Levet** to me to **tri** and **ace** the ex_am_** but have no idea how
What are the NonBenzodiazepine/Barbiturate hypnotics?
What is their mechanism of action?
What are their side effects?
What is their downside/upside compared to Benzo/Barb?
What is their antidote
Zolpidem, Zaleplon, Eszopiclone (Catch some Z’s)
go on BZI receptor subtype
Same as Benzo (Sedation/tolerance/dependence) but milder
Short duration
Flumazenil (same as benzodiazepines)
Give me a quick snipit about; NO**, **Halothane**, En_flurane, Isoflurane, Sevoflurane, Methoxyflurane_**, Barbiturates (Thiopental/Propofol), Benzodiazepines(Midazolam), Ketamine
What is the rare but dangerous side effect of inhaled general anesthetics? What is the antidote? What is its mechanism of action? What else has similar side effect?
- NO = quick onset and leaves quickly
- Halothane = Hepatotoxic
- Enflurane** (proconvulsive), Iso_flurane, Sevoflurane_, Methoxyflurane(ne**phrotoxic)
- Barbiturates (Thiopental (fast/strong goes into skeletal muscle/fat)/Propofol(less nausea))
- Benzodiazepines(Midazolam (for endoscopy))
- Ketamine((Arylcyclohexylamines)PCP analog => blocks NMDA receptor => out of it/bad dreams/CV stimulant)
Hyperthermia. Dantrolene**. Prevents release of Ca in skeletal muscles. **Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (antipsychotic side effect)
What is the suffix for Ester/Amide local anesthetics?
How do you know it is an Amide?
What is the depolarizing neuromuscular blocker? What are its common (nondeadly) side effects? What is the antidote?
What are the Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers? What is their antidote?
-caine
Has 2 I**’s (Am **I dose); I.E. Bupivacaine
Succinylcholine**. Cholinesterase inhibitors **Can’t be fixed during Phase 1. Hypercalcemia/kalemia
TuboCURarine, atraCURium, mivaCURium, PanCURonium, VeCURonium, RoCURonium (Cure for muscle inhibited dates). Antidote = cholinesterase inhibitors
What is Bromocriptine? What are Pramipexole and Ropinirole? What is Amantadine? What is Levodopa? What is Carbidopa? What is Entacapone and Tolcapone? What is Selegiline? What is Benztropine? What is Propranolol
An Ergot Dopamine agonist
Non-Ergot Dopamine agonists (preferred to Ergot)
Antiviral of Influenza A/rubella with the side effect of Increased Dopamine release and ataxia
A Dopamine derivative that eventually worsens and can cause arrhythmias
Prevents metabolism of L-dopa in periphery => prevent arrhythmias (Curb-dopa’s toxicity)
COMT(Degrades L-dopa) inhibitors
MAO type B (Degrades dopamine) inhibitor that may worsen L-dopa side effects
An antimuscarinic used in PD (Park** my Mercedes-_Benz_**)
A non-selective beta blocker good for tremors in PD
What are the 3 common drugs for Alzheimer’s? What is their mechanism of action? What are their side effects?
What is the last resort drug for Alzheimer’s? What is its mechanism of action? What are its side effects?
How do I remember this shit?
Donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Nausea/vertigo/insomnia
Memantine. NMDA antagonist => prevents excitotoxicity (by Ca). Vertigo/confusion/hallucinations
The Don without his memories is like a pez** dispenser w/out pez, but he has always been **Galant** to **mine** people so I will block ACh-esterase to keep his memories flowing like a **Riva** with a **stig of mine in it. It has gotten worse and I have to Meman up it is tine** to face the **NMDA even though I’m confused and hallucinating.
What is Haloperidol? What is it for?
What is Reserpine and tetrabenazine? What are they for?
What is the mechanism of action of Sumatriptan? What is it for? What is the key side effect?
Dopamine antagonist. Huntington’s. (When Hunting a ton in Halo there is a lot of peril so you need to limit movement and don’t be a Dope)
Amine depleting. Huntington’s
5-HT1B/1D agonist => vasoconstriction/inhibit CN V/vasoactive peptides. To treat the Headache from the SUMo a Tripping ANd falling on your head. SE; Coronary vasospasm
