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SP16 Anatomy > Neuro L1 > Flashcards

Neuro L1 Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

5 Lobes

A 
Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
(limbic)
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2
Q

Precentral gyrus
Known as
origin of
Initiates

A

Primary motor cortex
origin of descending motor pathway
initiate voluntary movements

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3
Q

Premotor and supplemental motor areas

Made from

A

part of precentral

nearby portions of superior and middle frontal gyri

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4
Q

Broca’s area
location
function

A

inferior frontal gyrus of one hemisphere

production of spoken and written language

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5
Q

Parietal Lobe areas

A 
Lateral:
Postcentral gyrus
Superior parietal lobule
Inferior parietal lobule
Medial:
Precuneus
Paracentral lobule
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6
Q

Postcentral gryus function

A

primary somatosensory (processing tactile and proprioceptive info)

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7
Q

Inferior parietal lobule
function
part of

A

usually left hemisphere: involved with language comprehension
part of wernike’s area

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8
Q

Rest of parietal cortex function

A

spatial orientation and directing attention

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9
Q

Temporal lobe areas

A 
Lateral:
Superior temporal gyrus
Middle temporal gyrus
Inferior temporal gyrus
Inferior: 
Occipitotemporal (fusiform) gyrus
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10
Q

Primary auditory cortex
Surface
part of

A

Superior surface of temporal lobe

part of superior temporal gyrus

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11
Q

Learning and Memory

Area of what lobe

A

Medial temporal lobe

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12
Q

Temporal lobe functions

A

primary auditory cortex
Language comprehension (post. left part of wernike’s)
Higher order visual processing
Learning and memory

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13
Q

Occipital lobe areas

A 
Lateral:
Lateral occipital gyrus
Medial
Cuneus gyrus
Lingual gyrus
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14
Q

Primary visual cortex

A

banks of calcarine sulcus and bit of surrounding cortex

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15
Q

Limbic lobe areas

A

Cingulate gyrus

parahippocampal gyrus

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16
Q

Limbic system functions

A

emotional responses
Drive related behaviors
memory

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17
Q

Insula
Deep inside ____ sulcus
Covered by

A

Deep inside lateral sulcus

Covered by frontal, parietal, temporal opercula

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18
Q

Insula overlies site where _____ and _____ fuse during development

A

telencephalon and diencephalon

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19
Q

Diencephalon

Four divisions

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus
Subthalamus

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20
Q

Thalamus

type of mass

A

Ovoid gray matter mass w/ multiple nuclei

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21
Q

_____ is the only sensory information that reaches the cerebral corex without stopping at thalamus

A

Olfaction

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22
Q

Hypothalamus separated from thalamus by

A

hypothalamic sulcus in wall of third ventricle

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23
Q

Inferior surface of hypothalamus

A

mammillary bondies

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24
Q

______ Connects hypothalamus to pituitary

A

infundibular stalk

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25
Brainstem subdivisions
midbrain pons medulla
26
CNI
Olfactory nerve | Not attached to brainstem
27
CNII
Optic nerve | Ends as optic tract in thalamus
28
CNIII | Emerges from
Oculomotor | emerges from interpeduncular fossa
29
CN IV | Emerges
Trochlear | Emerges from dorsal aspect of brainstem (only one)
30
CN V
Trigeminal
31
CN VI
Abducens
32
CN VII
Facial
33
CN VIII | Emerges from
Vestibulocochlear | Emerges from cerebellopontine angle
34
_____ reabsorbs CSF because CSF pressure venous pressure
Arachnoid villi | CSF pressure > venous pressure
35
CSF secreted by
choroid plexus
36
Three meningeal layers
Dura mater arachnoid mater Pia mater
37
Dura Mater Layer Characteristic
Outermost meningeal layer | toughest
38
Arachnoid mater Layer What lies between this and pia mater
Middle meningueal layer | CSF
39
Pia mater Layer Attached to
Innermost layer | attached to CNS
40
Leptomeninges
Arachnoid plus pia mater
41
Falx Cerebri location
between cerebral hemispheres
42
Tentorium cerebelli location
between cerebrum and cerebellum
43
Supratentorial space
cerebrum
44
Infratentorial space
cerebellum and brainstem
45
Epidural hemorrhage due to | Causes blood in
tear of meningeal arteries | Blood between skull and dura
46
Subdural hemorrhage due to | Causes blood in
tear of bridge veins | Blood in inner most dural layer
47
At the edges of the dural reflections, the dural layers are (fused, not fused)
Not fused to allow for venous flow
48
Anterior cerebral artery | Runs ____ and enters
runs medially and enters longitudinal fissure
49
Anterior cerebral artery | Arches (anteriorly/posteriory) and follows ____
arches posteriorly and follows corpus callosm
50
Anterior cerebral artery supplies
medial parts of front and parietal loes
51
Middle cerebral artery | runs ____ into _____
Runs laterally into lateral sulcus
52
Middle cerebral artery supplies
most of lateral cerebral hemispheres
53
Perforating arteries arise from Numerous around (2)
arise from all arteries at base of brain | Numerous around optic chiasm and between cerebral peduncles
54
Perforating arteries Involved in (2) Supplies (3)
Involved in strokes and neurologiclal deficits basal ganglia Thalamus Internal capsule
55
Vertebral arteries run along lateral _____ and fuse into basilar artery at the _____
Run along lateral medulla and fuse into basilar artery at pons
56
Prior to joints basial artery, VA gives rise to (3)
Posterior spinal artery Anterial spinal artery Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
57
Posterior spinal artery supplies
posterior 1/3 of spinal cord
58
Anterior spinal artery supplies
anterior 2/3 of spinal cord
59
Basilar artery bifurcates at ____ into
midbrain | 2 posterior cerebral arteries
60
prior to bifurcaion, Basiallary artery gives rise to
AICA | SCA
61
AICA supplies (2)
Anterior inferior cerebellar supplies anterior portions of inferior surface of cerebellum (flocculus) and caudal pons
62
SCA supplies (3)
Superior cerebellar supplies superior cerebellum caudal midbrain rostral pons
63
``` PCA supplies (4) W/ branches going to (2) ```
``` posterior cerebral supply Medial temporal inferior temporal medial occipital Inferior occipital Branches going to Rostral midbrain Posterior diencephalon ```
64
Blood brain barrier separates
CNS from blood
65
BBB includes
arachnoid endothelial tight junctions Lack of pinocytic vesicles
66
______ solubule substances go thru BBB
lipid solubles
67
Glucose crosses BBB thru
facilitated diffusion
68
Small molecule neurotransmitters (3)
Glutamate excite GABA inhibit ACh
69
Monoamines
Dopamine Norepinephrine Epinephrin Serotonin
70
Neuropeptides
ACTH | Substance P
71
Decussation
crosses midline and connects dissimilar areas
72
Commissure
crosses midline but connects similar areas
73
Frontal love functional areas
Precentral gyrus Premotor/supplemental motor areas Broca's area Prefrontal cortex

SP16 Anatomy (11 decks)

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