Neurology 12

Question 1

Deletion on paternal chromosome 15 results in what disease?

What is the classic presentation of this illness?

Answer 1

Prader Willi

• Profound MR
• excessive weight gain
• hypogonadism
• hypotonia
• facial dysmophism
• Behavioral disinhibition

Question 2

In restless leg syndrome, there is an urge to move legs that is also usually accompanied by an uncomfortable sensation in the legs. Usually worse with rest and at night, and improved with movement.

What long do you need the symptoms in order to diagnose?

Answer 2

3 months

Question 3

amaurosis fugax is the sudden, transient, visual loss due to the occlusion of what after?

Answer 3

Carotid artery.

Question 4

What is the classic presentation of Transverse Myelitis?

What is the common etiologies?

Dx?

Treatment?

Answer 4

Classic Presentation:

• Back pain, followed by leg weakness and sensory deficit (pain/temp deficit, but usually spared proprioception/vibratory) below lesion.
• Urinary/bowel incontinence

Due to post infection of pos-vacinnation immune response.
OR
Multiple Sclerosis

Dx = MRI

Treatment = High dose steroids

Question 5

Inability to recognize faces is called?

Lesion to what part of the brain causes this symptom?

Answer 5

Prosopagnosia

Lesion of bilateral occipital-temporal lobe.

Question 6

What is aprosodia?

Answer 6

Deficit in the expressiveness of or emotional aspect of speech.

Question 7

What differentiates Bell’s Palsy from stroke related facial paralysis?

Answer 7

Bells Palsy (7th Nerve Palsy) involves whole half of face, where stroke spares upper 1/3 of face.

Question 8

Syringomyelia refers to a constellation of symptoms due to a syrinx (a cavitation in the spinal cord)…

What are the classic symptoms?

Answer 8

1. Cape like sensory deficit
   - Pain and Temp decrease
   - Proprioception/vibratory is OK
2. LMN signs
   - Fasciculations, atrophy and flaccidity)

Question 9

What is opsoclonus-myoclonus and when do you see this?

Answer 9

So called “dancing eyes, dancing feet” it is a paraneoplastic movement disorder in infants, usually due to INFANTILE NEUROBLASTOMA

Question 10

What is the Ramsey Hunt syndrome?

Answer 10

Herpetic cranial N neuropathy that typically affects Cranial Nerves 7 (facial) and 8 (Acoustic).

(presents as ipsilat facial paralysis, vertigo, ipsilat hearing loss, and painful vesicles in ear canal)