Neurology 13 Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is the most common primary CNS tumor in patients >60 years old?
Glioblastoma Multiforme (50% or more of all primary CNS tumors in elderly)
What is the most common CNS tumor in AIDS patients?
CNS lymphoma
What is the most common opportunistic CNS infection in AIDS?
toxoplasmosis (10% of all AIDS patients have it)
What patient population do you see Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) ?
What is the cause?
How do you Dx?
TRX?
AIDS patients
Cause = JC virus infection in immunocompromised person.
DX = MRI shows multiple of coalesced white matter lesions in parietal and occipital lobe + JC virus PCR of CSF.
TRX = NO real treatment. Death usually occurs in 2-4 months.
(HINT - google PHOTO and know what MRI looks like)
Carotid Artery occlusion classically presents with what TRIAD?
- HA
- Ipsilateral Horners (ptosis, meiosis, anhidrosis)
- Contralateral hemiparesis.
Cause of Bells Palsy is usually what?
Herpes Simplex Virus.
West Nile virus is transmitted by a mosquito. Most infected are asymptomatic but about 20% will develop a febrile illness…. 1 in 150 will go onto develop meningitis and encephalopathy…
How do you diagnose?
Treatment?
Dx = IgM in CSF or IgM/IgG in serum.
Treatment = generally supportive. If illness is severe, anti-West Nile immunoglobulin.
What is the causative organism in Tetanus?
Clostridium Tetani
Tetanus is caused by bacterial spores that infect wounds, which release toxins that travel up neurons into the spinal cord…
- Where in the spinal cord does do the toxins act on?
- How do these toxins cause muscle spasms?
- TRX?
- Anterior horn of Spinal cord?
- Tetanus toxin blocks GABA and Glycine in the inhibitory neurons in spinal cord.
- Immunoglobulin injection and then vaccinate.
Subacute combined degeneration is the result of what?
B12 (Cobalamin) deficiency.
