NEUROMUSCULAR DRUGS AND MUSCLE RELAXANTS

Question 1

induce temporary paralysis of skeletal muscles

Answer 1

muscle relaxant

Question 2

CENTRAL ACTING MUSCLE RELAXANTS

Answer 2

1. Guaifenesin
2. Methocarbamol
3. Meprobamate
4. Mephenesin

Question 3

formerly known as glyceryl guaiacolate which is used as an adjunct to anesthesia to produce muscle relaxation and restraint for short procedures

Answer 3

guaifenesin

Question 4

used as an adjunct to rest and physical therapy in the treatment of musculoskeletal injury, muscular spasm associated with tetanus and metaldehyde or strychnine poisoning

Answer 4

methocarbamol

Question 5

SITES OF ACTION OF DRUGS CAUSING MUSCLE RELAXATION

Answer 5

1. CNS
2. Motor nerve fiber
3. Motor nerve terminal
4. Acetylcholine receptors in motor end plate
5. Skeletal muscle fiber

Question 6

cause muscle relaxation when applied around muscle fibers but not used for the muscle relaxant effect

Answer 6

lidocaine (local anesthetics)

Question 7

relax skeletal muscles but they are not used routinely for the sole purpose of muscle relaxation

Answer 7

General anesthetics (CNS drugs)

Question 8

no clinically useful muscle relaxants in this group

Answer 8

motor nerve terminal

Question 9

prevent the release of Ach from nerve endings, causing muscle relaxation

Answer 9

1. botulinus toxin
2. aminoglycoside antibiotics

Question 10

acuronium dosage

Answer 10

Dog and Horse : 0.1 mg/kg under light anesthesia

Question 11

Dantrolene dosage for dogs

Answer 11

2.5 mg/kg IV q.i.d

Question 12

Dantrolene dosage for horse

Answer 12

Prophylactic - 1-2 mg/kg oral q.i.d

Malignant hyperthermia - 1-3 mg/kg IV repeated in 10 minutes

Question 13

Dantrolene dosage for pigs

Answer 13

2-3 mg/kg IV

Question 14

D-tubocurarine dosage for dogs

Answer 14

approx. 0.4 mg/k

Question 15

D-tubocurarine dosage for pig

Answer 15

0.3 mg/kg

Question 16

D-tubocurarine dosage for horse

Answer 16

0.22 - 0.25 mg/kg

Question 17

Gallamine dosage for dogs and cats

Answer 17

1 mg/kg IV

Question 18

Gallamine dosage for pig

Answer 18

4 mg/kg

Question 19

Gallamine dosage for horse

Answer 19

0.5 - 1 mg/kg

Question 20

Pancuronium dosage for dogs under light anesthesia with methoxyflurane

Answer 20

0.03 mg/kg IV

Question 21

Succinylcholine dosage for horses

Answer 21

0.12 – 0.15 mg/kg (last for 4-5 min)

Question 22

Succinylcholine dosage for cattle

Answer 22

0.02 mg/kg (lasts for 6-8 min)

Question 23

vecuronium dosages for dogs

Answer 23

0.1 mg/kg IV initially 30 min before proof

may give 0.04 mg/kg IV subsequently

Question 24

Muscle acting on this site are most clinically useful muscle relaxants.

Answer 24

Acetylcholine receptors in motor end plate

Question 25

decreases sarcoplasmic free calcium concentration by promoting its uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 25

dantolene

Question 26

compete with Ach for cholinergic receptors in the end plate

Answer 26

Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs

Question 27

Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs

Answer 27

D-Tubocurarine, gallamine, pancuronium, acuronium, atracurium, vecuronium

Question 28

noncompetitive blockes of cholinergic receptors in the end plate. There is sustained stimulation leading to receptor fatigue and muscle paralysis

Answer 28

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs

Question 29

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs

Answer 29

Succinylcholine (suxamenthonium), Decamethonium