neurons Flashcards
(11 cards)
What is a neuron?
A specialised cell that transmits impulses and connects the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.
What do dendrites do?
Transmit impulses towards the cell body.
What does the axon do?
Transmits impulses away from the cell body.
What is the function of the myelin sheath?
Insulates the axon and speeds up impulse transmission.
What is the neurilemma?
A membrane that helps repair damaged neurons.
What are the three types of neurons?
Sensory neurons
Interneurons
Motor neurons
What is the function of a sensory neuron?
Carries impulses from receptors to the central nervous system.
What is the function of an interneuron?
Connects sensory neurons to motor neurons in the CNS.
What is the function of a motor neuron?
Carries impulses from the CNS to effectors like muscles or glands.
What is a synapse?
A gap between two neurons where neurotransmitters carry the impulse across.
Why is the synapse important?
Ensures one-way impulse transmission
Prevents continuous stimulation
Transfers impulses between neurons
