Neurons and neural communication

Question 0

What are the two components of the nervous system?

Answer 0

Central nervous system

Peripheral nervous system

Question 1

What does the central nervous system comprise of?

Answer 1

brain

spinal cord

Question 2

What are the two components of the peripheral nervous system

Answer 2

Somatic nervous system

Autonomic nervous system

Question 3

What does the somatic nervous system control?

Answer 3

Muscles

Question 4

Where does information enter a neuron?

Answer 4

Dendrites

Question 5

Where does information leave the neuron?

Answer 5

Terminal buttons

Question 6

What are the three functional classifications of neurons?

Answer 6

Sensory neurons
Motor neurons
Interneurons

Question 7

What do sensory neurons do?

Answer 7

Transfer information towards brain

Question 8

What do motor neurons do?

Answer 8

Transfer messages to muscles or other mechanisms

Question 9

What do interneurons do?

Answer 9

transfer information between cells

Question 10

What kind of process transmits information between cells?

Answer 10

Chemical

Question 11

What kind of process transmits information within a cell?

Answer 11

Electrical

Question 12

Where is greatest volume of potassium?

Answer 12

inside the cell

Question 13

What is the resting membrane potential

Answer 13

difference in voltage between inside and outside of teh axon membrane

Question 14

what is the force of diffusion

Answer 14

Any particular ion will want to be evenly distributed over space

Question 15

What is electrostatic pressure?

Answer 15

desire for zero voltage difference

Question 16

What are the forces working on potassium in resting membrane?

Answer 16

Forces of diffusion out

Electrostatic pressures in

Question 17

What are forces working in Chlorine in resting membrane?

Answer 17

Forces of diffusion out

Electrostatic pressure out

Question 18

What are forces working on Sodium in resting membrane?

Answer 18

Electrostatic pressure in

Diffusive forces out

Question 19

What happens in upswing of spike in action potential?

Answer 19

Sodium enters cell - diffusion, electrostatic pressure

Question 20

what happens after sodium enters cell?

Answer 20

Potassium leaves cell

diffusive forces

Question 21

What is decremental conduction?

Answer 21

nneed to look this up

Question 22

What are the three things that are contacted in the axon terminal

Answer 22

• vescicles (contain neurotransmitters)
• mitochondria (energy supply systems)
• cisternae (part of Golgi apparatus) - recycle vesicles

Question 23

What happens to neurotransmitters that aren’t sucked back into vescicles?

Answer 23

destroyed

Question 24

What are the four things that a postsynaptic membrane can be?

Answer 24

• dendrite
• gland or muscle
• axon
• soma

Question 25

What are the ion channels in a synaptic connection?

Answer 25

Calcium

Question 26

When do the calcium channels open in a synaptic connection?

Answer 26

WHen an action potential reaches the synapse and opens the voltage dependent Calcium channels.

Question 27

What type of receptors alter ion channels directly?

Answer 27

Ionotropic receptors

Question 28

What types of receptor alter ion channels indirectly?

Answer 28

metabotropic

Question 29

What type of PSP is created when neurotransmitter opens sodium ion channels?

Answer 29

Excitatory

Question 30

What type of PSP is created when neurotransmitter opens potassium ion channels?

Answer 30

Inhibitory (IPSP)

Question 31

What does a predominance of EPSPs at the axon result in?

Answer 31

An action potential

Question 32

What is neural integration?

Answer 32

Summation of PSPs

- predominance of EPSPs will lead to action potential