Neuropathology 1 (part 2)

Question 1

a problem with which blood vessel results in frontal lobe dyfunction

Answer 1

anterior cerebral

Question 2

what would the patient experience if there was a CVA in the anterior cerebral artery

Answer 2

contralateral sensory loss in foot and leg
paresis of arm and food
thigh and face relatively spared

Question 3

what would result if the blood supply from the middle cerebral artety was compromised

Answer 3

hemipareis
hemisensory loss
aphasia/dysphasia
apraxia

Question 4

what parts of the brain are supplied by the vertebrobasilar part of the brains vasculature

Answer 4

brain stem
cerebellum
occipital lobe

Question 5

what is webers syndrome

Answer 5

stroke characterised by :

ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy and contralateral hemiparesis or hemiplegia

Question 6

disruption to the blood supply of what area of the brain stem cause webers

Answer 6

midbrain

Question 7

A stroke in which area can cause a medial or lateral inferior pontine syndrome

Answer 7

pons

Question 8

what kind of syndrome results from a stroke n the medulla

Answer 8

lateral medullary syndrome

Question 9

what kind of visual loss is seen if the occiptal lobe is damaged

Answer 9

hoomonymous hemianopia with macular sparing

Question 10

what kind of symptoms are seen in cerebellar problems

Answer 10

ataxia
nystagmous
intention tremor
pendular reflexes

Question 11

What is the definition of a ‘stroke’

Answer 11

sudden disturbance of cerebral function of vascular origin that causes death or lasts over 24 hours

Question 12

at what systolic blood pressure are autoregulatory mechanisoms unable to compensate for the reduction in blood flow

Answer 12

50mmHg

Question 13

which cells in the brain are more vunerable to ischaemia

Answer 13

neurons (more than glial cells)

some neurons more vunerable than others

Question 14

give examples of groups of neurons which are more vunerable

Answer 14

pyramidal cells of hippocampus
purkinje cells
neurons in globus pallidus of basal ganglia

Question 15

which type of stroke is more common

Answer 15

infarction (appoz 84 percent)

Question 16

what causes cerebral infarction

Answer 16

local interuption of cerebral blood flow due to thrombosis or emboli

Question 17

what is the most common cause of a spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage

Answer 17

berry anneurysm (rupture of saccular anneurysm)

Question 18

what are the clinical features of a subarachnoid haemorrhage

Answer 18

severe headache (thunderclap)
vomiting
loss of consciousness
neck rigidity seen sometimes