Neuropathology 1 (part 2) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Neuropathology 1 (part 2) Deck (18)
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1
Q

a problem with which blood vessel results in frontal lobe dyfunction

A

anterior cerebral

2
Q

what would the patient experience if there was a CVA in the anterior cerebral artery

A

contralateral sensory loss in foot and leg
paresis of arm and food
thigh and face relatively spared

3
Q

what would result if the blood supply from the middle cerebral artety was compromised

A

hemipareis
hemisensory loss
aphasia/dysphasia
apraxia

4
Q

what parts of the brain are supplied by the vertebrobasilar part of the brains vasculature

A

brain stem
cerebellum
occipital lobe

5
Q

what is webers syndrome

A

stroke characterised by :

ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy and contralateral hemiparesis or hemiplegia

6
Q

disruption to the blood supply of what area of the brain stem cause webers

A

midbrain

7
Q

A stroke in which area can cause a medial or lateral inferior pontine syndrome

A

pons

8
Q

what kind of syndrome results from a stroke n the medulla

A

lateral medullary syndrome

9
Q

what kind of visual loss is seen if the occiptal lobe is damaged

A

hoomonymous hemianopia with macular sparing

10
Q

what kind of symptoms are seen in cerebellar problems

A

ataxia
nystagmous
intention tremor
pendular reflexes

11
Q

What is the definition of a ‘stroke’

A

sudden disturbance of cerebral function of vascular origin that causes death or lasts over 24 hours

12
Q

at what systolic blood pressure are autoregulatory mechanisoms unable to compensate for the reduction in blood flow

A

50mmHg

13
Q

which cells in the brain are more vunerable to ischaemia

A

neurons (more than glial cells)

some neurons more vunerable than others

14
Q

give examples of groups of neurons which are more vunerable

A

pyramidal cells of hippocampus
purkinje cells
neurons in globus pallidus of basal ganglia

15
Q

which type of stroke is more common

A

infarction (appoz 84 percent)

16
Q

what causes cerebral infarction

A

local interuption of cerebral blood flow due to thrombosis or emboli

17
Q

what is the most common cause of a spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage

A

berry anneurysm (rupture of saccular anneurysm)

18
Q

what are the clinical features of a subarachnoid haemorrhage

A

severe headache (thunderclap)
vomiting
loss of consciousness
neck rigidity seen sometimes