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1
Q

わけがない

A

Meaning: there is no way that…

Formation:

Verb-dictionary form + わけがない
Verb-ないform + わけがない
Verb-potential + わけがない

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2
Q

まみれ

A

Meaning: covered in

Formation:

Noun + まみれ

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3
Q

ずくめ

A

Meaning: entirely; completely

Formation:

Noun + ずくめ

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4
Q

それとも

A

Meaning: or; or else

Formation:

それとも + phrase

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5
Q

だけ

A

Meaning: as much as

Formation:

Verb-dictionary form + だけ
なadjective + なだけ
いadjective + だけ
Noun + だけ

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6
Q

よりも

A

Meaning: in comparison to; rather than

Formation:

Verb-casual + よりも
Noun + よりも

よりも is usually used with 方が (hou ga).

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7
Q

つまり

A

Meaning: in other words; that is to say

Formation:

Phrase 1 + つまり + phrase 2

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8
Q

その結果

A

Meaning: as a result

Formation:

Phrase 1 + その結果 + phrase 2

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9
Q

ところで

A

Meaning: by the way

Formation:

ところで + new topic

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10
Q

と言う

A

Meaning: called, named

Formation:

Noun + という + Noun
Phrase + という + Noun

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11
Q

とは限らない

A

Meaning: not necessarily so; is not always true

Formation:

（かならずしも） + Verb-casual + とは限らない
（かならずしも） + Noun + だとは限らない
（かならずしも） + いadj + とは限らない
（かならずしも） + なadj + だとは限らない

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12
Q

ついでに

A

Meaning: while (you) are at it; on the occasion; taking the opportunity

Formation:

Verb-dictionary form + ついでに
Verb-casual, past + ついでに
Noun + のついでに

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13
Q

ところが

A

Meaning: even so, however, even though

Formation:

Expectation + ところが + result

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14
Q

というより

A

Meaning: rather than

Formation:

Verb-casual + というより
Noun + というより
いadj + というより
なadj + というより
Phrase + というより + Phrase
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15
Q

しかない

A

Meaning: have no choice but

Formation:

Verb-dictionary form + しかない

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16
Q

をはじめ

A

Meaning: for example, starting with

Formation:

Noun + をはじめ/をはじめとする

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17
Q

たとえ。。ても

A

Meaning: even if… is the case

Formation:

たとえ + Noun +　でも
たとえ + Verb-てform + も
たとえ + なadj (-な) + でも
たとえ + いadj (-い) + くても

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18
Q

ということだ

A

Meaning: I’ve heard that…; rumor has it that…; it appears as if; it means that

Formation:

Verb-dictionary form + ということだ
Phrase + ということだ
Noun + ということだ

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19
Q

ようとしない

A

Meaning: to not try to, to not try to make an effort to

Formation:

Verb-volitional form + としない

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20
Q

んだって

A

Meaning: I hear that…

Formation:

Verb-casual + んだって
Noun + なんだって
いadj + んだって
なadj + なんだって

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21
Q

ように

A

Meaning: in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; hoping or wishing for something

Formation:

Verb-dictionary form + ように
Verb-ないform + ように

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22
Q

たとたん

A

Meaning: just (now, at the moment), as soon as

Formation:

Verb-casual, past + とたん（に）

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23
Q

てはじめて

A

Meaning: not until, only after… did I

Formation:

Verb-てform + はじめて

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24
Q

といっても

A

Meaning: although I say; although one might say; although called

Formation:

Noun + （だ）といっても
Verb-casual + といっても
いadj + といっても
なadj + （だ）といっても

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25
というのは
Meaning: means; is; because; that is to say Formation: Phrase/Noun + というのは + reason/explanation/definition
26
とおり
Meaning: in the way…, the same as… Formation: Verb-dictionary form + とおり Verb-casual, past + とおり Noun + とおり/どおり
27
ようとする
Meaning: try to, be about to Formation: Verb-volitional + うとする
28
ような気がする
Meaning: have a feeling that…, think that… Formation: Verb-casual + （ような）気がする Noun + （のような）気がする いadj + （ような）気がする なadj + （な/のような）気がする
29
たらいい
Meaning: it would be nice if, I hope, should Formation: Verb-casual, past + らいい Verb-casual + といい
30
わりに
Meaning: although, rather, unexpectedly You use わりに to talk about an unexpected feeling. Formation: Verb-casual + わりに いadj + わりに なadj + なわりに Noun + のわりに
31
としたら/とすれば
Meaning: if it were the case that…, if we assume… Formation: Verb-casual + としたら/とすれば いadj + としたら/とすれば なadj + だとしたら/とすれば Noun + だとしたら/とすれば
32
ために
Meaning: because of, as a result of Formation: Noun + のため（に） Verb-casual + ため（に） いadj + ため（に） なadj + なため（に） Meaning: for, for the sake of, in order to, for the benefit of Formation: Noun + のため（に） Verb-dictionary form + ため（に） Verb-ないform + ため（に）
33
てもかまわない
Meaning: it doesn’t matter if… Formation: Verb-てform + もかまわない Noun + でもかまわない いadj (removeい) + くてもかまわない
34
ずにはいられない
Meaning: can’t help but feel, can’t help but do Formation: Verb-ないform (remove ない) + ずにはいられない
35
というと/といえば/といったら
Meaning: if it were the case that…, then certainly; if one were to speak of… then certainly Formation: Noun + というと/といえば/といったら
36
わけにはいかない
Meaning 1: must not, cannot afford to, can’t very well Meaning 2: must, have no choice but to Formation: Verb-casual, non-past + わけにはいかない Verb-ないform + わけにはいかない
37
そうもない
Meaning: very unlikely to Formation: Verb-stem + そうもない
38
がち
Meaning: apt to do, tend to do Formation: Verb-stem + がちだ Noun + がちだ
39
として
Meaning: as (i.e. in the role of) Formation: Noun + として
40
と共に
Meaning: together with Formation: Verb-dict.form + と共に Noun + と共に いadj + と共に なadj + であると共に
41
ずに
Meaning: without doing Formation: Verb-ないform (remove ない) + ず(に)
42
たびに
Meaning: each time, every time, whenever (something happens) Formation: Noun + のたびに Verb-dictionary form + たびに
43
わけだ
Meaning: the fact is, for that reason, as you’d expect, as you know Formation: Verb-casual + わけだ いadjective + わけだ なadjective + なわけだ/だったわけだ Noun + である/だった/であった + わけだ
44
わけではない
Meaning: it doesn’t mean that; it is not the case that; I don’t mean that; it is not true that Formation: Verb-casual + わけではない いadjective + わけではない なadjective + なわけではない Noun + であるわけではない
45
かな
Meaning: I wonder, should I?, is it?, I wish that (with a negative), I hope that Formation: Sentence + かな
46
てある
Meaning: something is done; something has been done (and the resultant state of that action remains) Formation: Verb-てform + ある
47
そうに/そうな
Meaning: seem; look like Formation: ``` Verb-ますstem + そうな + Noun Verb-ますstem + そうに + Verb なadjective + そうな + Noun なadjective + そうに + Verb いadjective (remove い) + そうな + Noun いadjective (remove い) + そうに + Verb ```
48
そうだ
Meaning: look like; appear; seem; feel like Formation: Verb-ますstem + そうだ いadjective (remove い) + そうだ なadjective + そうだ ***Exception: よい => よさそう
49
ように/ような
Meaning: as; like; just as; as though Formation: Verb-casual + ように/ような
50
場合は
Meaning: if; in the case; in the event of Formation: Verb-casual + 場合（は） Noun + の場合（は）
51
それでも
Meaning: but still; and yet; even so Formation: Phrase 1 + それでも + Phrase 2
52
かしら
Meaning: I wonder Formation: Phrase + かしら
53
さすが
Meaning: as one would expect; even Formation: さすがの + Noun さすがに + Verb
54
に気がつく
Meaning: to notice; to realize Formation: Verb-casual + ことに気がつく Noun + に気がつく
55
全然
Meaning: (not) at all Formation: 全然 + Verb-casual 全然 + adj
56
お。。になる
Meaning: to do something (honorific) Formation: お + Verb-stem + になる
57
なさる
Meaning: to do (the polite form of する) You use なさる to say that someone else do something. Formation: する => なさる
58
いたす
Meaning: to do (the polite form of する) You use いたす to say that you yourself will do something. Formation: する => いたします お/ご + Verb-stem + いたします
59
の中で
Meaning: in; among Formation: Noun + の中で
60
でございます
Meaning: to be, to exist (the polite form of いる/ある) Formation: いる/ある => ございます
61
かい
You use かい to turn a sentence into a yes/no question. Formation: Verb-casual + かい Noun + なのかい いadj + かい なadj + なのかい
62
ごろ
Meaning: around; about Formation: Verb-stem + ごろ/ころ Noun + ごろ/ころ
63
と見える
Meaning: it seems that Formation: Verb-casual + と見える/と見えて Noun + と見える いadj + と見える
64
に見える
Meaning: to look; to seem; to appear Formation: ``` Verb-てform + 見える Verb-casual, non-past + ように見える いadj （－い） + く見える なadj + に見える Noun + （のよう）に見える ```
65
とか。。とか
Meaning: among other things; such as Formation: Verb-dictionary form + とか + Verb dictionary form + （とか） Noun + とか + Noun + （とか）
66
と言ってもいい
Meaning: you could say; you might say Formation: Phrase + と言ってもいい
67
と言われている
Meaning: it is said that… Formation: Phrase + と言われている
68
ていただけませんか
Meaning: can you please; could I get Formation: Verb-てform + もらえませんか/いただけませんか
69
だけで
Meaning: just by; just by doing Formation: Verb-casual + だけで Noun + だけで
70
ないで
Meaning: without doing…; don’t Formation: Verb-ないform + で The difference between ないで and なくて: なくて is usually used to explain the reason why something happens, while ないで means without doing something.
71
がする
Meaning: smell; hear; taste Formation: Noun + がする
72
おきに
Meaning: repeated at intervals; every Formation: Noun + おきに
73
させられる
Meaning: to be made to do something (passive causative)
74
予定だ
Meaning: plan to, intend to Formation: Verb-dictionary form + 予定だ Noun + の予定だ
75
のに
Meaning: in order to Formation: Verb-dictionary form + のに Meaning: although; in spite of; even though Formation: Verb-casual + のに Noun + なのに いadj + のに なadj + なのに
76
ということ
We use ということ to change a sentence or phrase into a noun. Formation: Phrase + ということ
77
てもらう
Meaning: to get somebody to do something Formation: Receiver + は + Giver + に + Verb-てform + もらう/いただく
78
ていく
Meaning: to go on, to continue, to start Formation: Verb-てform + いく
79
なくてはいけない/なくてはならない
Meaning: must do, have to do Formation: Verb-ないform （－い） + くてはいけない/くてはならない
80
ながら
Meaning: while; during; as Formation: Verb-stem + ながら
81
たばかり
Meaning: just finished; something just ended/occurred Formation: Verb-casual, past + ばかり
82
たところ
Meaning: just finished doing; was just doing Formation: Verb-casual, past + ところ（だ） Verb-てform + いたところ（だ）
83
ているところ
Meaning: in the process of doing Formation: Verb-てform + いるところ（だ）
84
ところ
Meaning: be just about to do something; be on the verge of doing something Formation: Verb-dictionary form + ところ
85
にくい
Meaning: difficult to…; hard to… Formation: Verb-stem + にくい
86
までに
Meaning: by; by the time Formation: Noun + までに
87
はずがない
Meaning: cannot be; it’s impossible that Formation: Verb-casual + はずがない Noun + のはずがない いadj + はずがない なadj + なはずがない
88
ておく
Meaning: to do something in advance (as preparation for something else) Formation: Verb-てform + おく
89
てほしい
Meaning: I need you to… You use てほしい to ask somebody to do something for you. Formation: Verb-てform + ほしい Verb-ないform + でほしい
90
たらどうですか
Meaning: why don’t you… You use たらどうですか to advise somebody to do something Formation: Verb-casual, past + たらどう（ですか）
91
たがる
Meaning: want to You use たがる to say that someone other than you wants to do something. Formation: Verb-ますstem + たがる/たがっている

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