NON-BLOOD SPECIMEN

Question 1

Testing of urine with procedures
commonly performed in an expeditious, reliable, safe, and cost-effective manne

Answer 1

Urinalysis

Question 2

Non-invasive collection of specimen

Answer 2

Urinalysis

Question 3

Disease diagnosis
- Screening asymptomatic populations for
undetected disorders
- Monitoring progress of disease and effectiveness
of therapy

Answer 3

REASONS FOR URINALYSIS

Question 4

• Ultrafiltrate of Plasma or Blood
• Formed at Kidneys

Answer 4

urine formation

Question 5

urine Average Daily output

Answer 5

1200 mL 1500 mL

Question 6

t or f
600-2000mL also considered normal)

Answer 6

true

Question 7

Decreased Urine Output: 400mL/day
(Adults); Occurs at excessive water loss
(diarrhea, excessive vomiting, burns,
dehydration)

Answer 7

Oliguria

Question 8

cessation of urine flow suggests severe
kidney damage (obstruction or infection)

Answer 8

Anuria

Question 9

increased excretion of urine during
the night

Answer 9

Nocturia

Question 10

increased Urine Output: >2.5L/day for
adults (diabetes)

Answer 10

Polyuria

Question 11

• Urine is normally _____water and ___Solutes
  (Organic and Inorganic)

Answer 11

95% water, 5% solute

Question 12

• Urine is normally 95% water and 5% Solutes
  (Organic and Inorganic)

Answer 12

Urea (25.0-35.0g)

Question 13

Derived from creatine
(muscle metabolism)

Answer 13

Creatinine (1.5g)

Question 14

Common component of
Kidney Stones (purine metabolism)

Answer 14

Creatinine (1.5g)

Question 15

Common component of
Kidney Stones (purine metabolism)

Answer 15

Uric acid (0.4-1.0g)

Question 16

Derived from Benzoic Acid
(metabolism of benzoic acid)

Answer 16

Hippuric acid (0.7g)

Question 17

other protein, carbohydrates,
and fatty acids

Answer 17

Others (2.9g)

Question 18

Inorganic solutes

– Principal salt

Answer 18

NaCl (15.0g)

Question 19

inorganic solutes

Occurs as chloride, sulfate,
phosphate salts

Answer 19

Potassium (3.3g)

Question 20

inorganic solutes

Derived from amino acids

Answer 20

Sulfate (2.5g)

Question 21

inorganic solutes

Serves as buffers in blood

Answer 21

Phosphate (2.5g)

Question 22

inorganic solutes

Derived from protein and
glutamine metabolism

Answer 22

Ammonium (0.7g)

Question 23

inorganic solutes Occurs as chloride, sulfate,
phosphate salts

Answer 23

Magnesium (0.1g)

Question 24

inorganic solutes

Occurs as chloride, sulfate,
phosphate salts

Answer 24

Calcium (0.3g)

Question 25

t or f

Urine is classified as a
BIOHAZARD
- Observe Standard Precautions
- Requisition Forms are required

Answer 25

true

Question 26

t or f

• Containers for routine urinalysis:
  o Clean and Dry (Sterile)
  o Leak Proof
  o Screw top lids
  o Should have a wide mouth
  o Made of clear material
  o Recommended capacity: 50mL
  o Labelled. (Attached to CONTAINER, not
  the lid)

Answer 26

true