Nonvascular Plants

Question 1

Members of phylum Bryophyta lack all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:
Seeds
Flowers
Photosynthetic sporophyte
Vascular tissue
Dominant gametophyte,

Answer 1

Dominant Gametophyte

Question 2

All of these are non-vascular plants EXCEPT:
Bryophyta
Anthocerophyta
Psilophyta
Hepatophyta

Answer 2

Psilophyta

Question 3

Which of these phyla have photosynthetic sporophytes?
Anthocerophyta
Bryophyta
Hepatophyta

Answer 3

Anthocerophyta

Question 4

Select ALL of the features that describe non-vascular plants.
Sporophyte dependant on gametophyte
Simple flowers
Small, under 40 cm tall
Gametophyte dominant
Require liquid water for fertilization
Microscopic seeds

Answer 4

Sporophyte dependant on gametophyte, small, gametophyte dominant, and require liquid water

Question 5

Meiosis occurs inside the __ of mosses.

Answer 5

Capsule

Question 6

A structure that changes shape or position with changes in moisture are __.

Answer 6

Hygroscopic

Question 7

What are nonvascular plants derived from?

Answer 7

Charophyta (green algae)

Question 8

What kind of meiosis do they have? (NV)

Answer 8

Heteromorphic sportic meiosis.

Question 9

What does heteromorphic sporic meiosis mean?

Answer 9

Mitosis occurs in both haploid and diploid cells.

Question 10

How are gametes formed? (NV)

Answer 10

The gametophyte produces gametes through MITOSIS.

Question 11

How are the spores formed? (NV)

Answer 11

Sporophyte produces spores by MEIOSIS.

Question 12

What does terrestrial mean?

Answer 12

They are secondary aquatic.

Question 13

What are nonvascular plant cell walls made from?

Answer 13

Polysaccharide cellulose.

Question 14

What protects the sporophyte? (NV)

Answer 14

HAPLOID gametophyte tissue.

Question 15

How many phyla are there?

Answer 15

Three

Question 16

Are non-vascular paraphyletic or polyphyletic?

Answer 16

Paraphyletic

Question 17

What are the three phyla of non-vascular plants?

Answer 17

Hepitophyta, bryophyta, and antocerophyta.

Question 18

What are Anthocerophyta?

Answer 18

Hornwort

Question 19

What does anthocerophyta mean?

Answer 19

Flowering horn plant.

Question 20

Describe the thallus of the hornwort.

Answer 20

Simple, charophyte-like thallus.

Question 21

Describe the sporophyte of the hornwort.

Answer 21

It is horn like

Question 22

What is their process of spore releasing called? (Antho)

Answer 22

Deniscent

Question 23

Are their sporophyte diploid or haploid? (Antho)

Answer 23

Diploid

Question 24

Are their gametophyte diploid or haploid? (Antho)

Answer 24

Haploid.

Question 25

What are Hepetophyta?

Answer 25

Liverwart

Question 26

What is the thallus structure? (Hep)

Answer 26

Dichotomously branching.

Question 27

What does dichotomous mean?

Answer 27

Splitting into two equal parts or lobes.

Question 28

What is the cluster of tissue produced asexually with the gametophyte? (Hep)

Answer 28

Gemma

Question 29

What is the structure of gemma production called?

Answer 29

Gemma cup

Question 30

Where is sperm produced? (Hepetophyta)

Answer 30

In the antheridia.

Question 31

Where are antheridia contained? (Hep)

Answer 31

Antheroidiophores

Question 32

Where are eggs produced? (Hep)

Answer 32

Archegonia

Question 33

Where are archegonia contained? (Hep)

Answer 33

Archogoniophores

Question 34

How does the zygote divide? (Hepetophyta)

Answer 34

By meiosis, to form the 'sporophyte generation'

Question 35

What structure attaches to the gametophyte? (Hepetophyta)

Answer 35

Foot

Question 36

What structure containts the sporangeous cells? (Hep)

Answer 36

The capsule

Question 37

What is an elator?

Answer 37

A structure that opens up to function like a parachute and brings the spore to the ground.

Question 38

What do archigoniaphores look like?

Answer 38

Tiny palm trees.

Question 39

What do antheroidiophores look like?

Answer 39

Small umbrellas or serving trays.

Question 40

What does bryophyta mean?

Answer 40

True mosses

Question 41

What does the sporophyte depend on? (Bry)

Answer 41

The female gametophyte.

Question 42

Are they diploid or haploid dominant? (Bry)

Answer 42

Haploid dominant

Question 43

What is the male part called? (Bry)

Answer 43

Antheridia

Question 44

What does the sperm sit in (Bry)

Answer 44

Splash cup

Question 45

What are the female parts called? (Bry)

Answer 45

Archegonium

Question 46

What happens after fertilization? (Bry)

Answer 46

Mitosis.

Question 47

What is the long stock of the zygote called? (Bry)

Answer 47

Seta

Question 48

What is the inner part of the zygote called? (Bry)

Answer 48

Foot

Question 49

What is the outer layer of the Zygote called? (Bry)

Answer 49

Archegonium.

Question 50

What is the end of the zygote called? (Bry)

Answer 50

The capsule.

Question 51

What is on the capsule?

Answer 51

Sporangeous tissue.

Question 52

What is on the end of the capsule and used for spore releasing?

Answer 52

Peristome.

Question 53

What does hygroscopic mean?

Answer 53

Changed position with change in moisture.

Question 54

What is a calyptra?

Answer 54

The top of an archigonium.

Question 55

Is the calyptra n or 2n?

Answer 55

N

Question 56

What is the "lid" of the sporophyte?

Answer 56

The operculum.

Question 57

Is the operculum n or 2n?

Answer 57

2n

Question 58

What does the sporophyte undergo to produce spores? (Bry)

Answer 58

Meiosis

Question 59

What do the spores combine into after meiosis?

Answer 59

Protonema (First thread).

Question 60

What do protonema go through in order to become gametophyte?

Answer 60

Mitosis.