North America Flashcards
(191 cards)
1
Q
Where does the U.S. rank in wine production in the world?
A
4th largest
2
Q
Where does the U.S. rank in acreage of land under vine?
A
6th highest
3
Q
90% of all American wine is produced from which state?
A
California
4
Q
When did the US surpass France in wine consumption?
A
2011
5
Q
Name 3 native species of grapevine in North America
A
Vitis labrusca
Vitis rotundifolia
Vitis aestivalis
6
Q
What is an example of a Vitis labrusca variety?
A
the Concord grape
7
Q
What is an example of a Vitis rotundifolia variety?
A
the Scuppernong grape
8
Q
What is an example of a Vitis aestivalis variety?
A
the Norton grape
9
Q
When was the Mission grape introduced to Mexico?
A
in the early 1500s
10
Q
What monks brought the mission grape to California?
A
Franciscan monks
11
Q
When did George Yount arrive to Napa and plant his first vineyard?
A
1839
12
Q
When was California annexed from Mexico?
A
1847
13
Q
When did Agoston Haraszthy arrive in Sonoma?
A
1849
14
Q
What winery did Agoston Haraszthy in Sonoma?
A
Buena Vista, one of california’s oldest commercial wineries
15
Q
Who is known as the “father of California wine”?
A
Agoston Haraszthy
16
Q
How many different varieties is Agoston Haraszthy credited with bringing to California?
A
over 300
17
Q
How did Agoston Haraszthy die?
A
He MAY have been eaten by an alligator in the jungles of Nicaragua
18
Q
When and where did Charles Krug establish his winery?
A
1861 in St. Helena
19
Q
What is the oldest winery in Napa?
A
Charles Krug
20
Q
When was Schramsberg established?
A
1862
21
Q
What is the oldest continuously operating winery in Napa?
A
Beringer
22
Q
When was Beringer established?
A
1876
23
Q
Who established Inglenook Winery in 1880?
A
Gustav Niebaum
24
Q
When was phylloxera discovered in Napa and Sonoma?
A
the early 1870s
25
How long did phylloxera affect Napa and Sonoma?
1870s-1890s
26
Who is credited for discovering resistance to phylloxera in American rootstocks?
Charles Valentine Riley, a Missouri entomologist
27
What amended started Prohibition?
the 18th amendment
28
What amendment ratified Prohibition?
the 21st amendment
29
When was the American prohibition?
1920 - December 5, 1933
30
What did congress pass in 1919 to start prohibition?
the Volstead Act
31
Who did Georges de Latour hire as winemaker of Beaulieu in 1938?
Andre Tchelistcheff, a russian winemaker trained in France
32
What famous wine did Andre Tchelistcheff introduce from Beaulieu Winery?
the Georges de Latour Private Reserve Cabernet Sauvignon
33
Who is dubbed the "dean of American winemakers"?
Andre Tchelistcheff
34
Name 4 of Andre Tchelistcheff's most famous students
Robert Mondavi
Louis Mondavi
Joe Heitz
Mike Grgich
35
When was the first harvest for Robert Mondavi Winery?
1966
36
What year did table wines surpass fortified wines in America?
1967
37
When did Robert Mondavi introduce his Fume Blanc bottling?
1968
38
Name 3 early modern pioneers in Sonoma
Hanzell
Martin Ray
Simi
39
Who is the famous winemaker of Monte Bello (Ridge)
Paul Draper
40
When did Paul Draper take over Monte Bello (Ridge)?
1969
41
When was the first vintage of Mount Eden Vineyards?
1972
42
What is Monterey's oldest commercial vineyard?
Chalone Vineyard
43
When was Chalone Vineyard established?
1960
44
Who established the Sanford & Benedict Vineyard in 1970?
Richard Sanford
45
Where is Sanford & Benedict vineyard located?
in Santa Babara's Santa Ynez Hills
46
What was Dr. Konstantin Frank's job before becoming a winemaker?
he was a janitor at Cornell University
47
When was Dr. Konstantin Franks's Vinifera Wine Cellars founded?
1962
48
When did David Lett first plant Pinot Noir grapes in the Willamette valley?
1965
49
What winery is associated with David Lett?
Eyrie Vineyard
50
Who organized the 1976 Judgement of Paris?
Steven Spurrier
51
What were the winning red and white wines of the 1976 Judgement of Paris?
1973 Stag's Leap Cabernet Sauvignon
| 1973 Chateau Montelena Chardonnay
52
What was the first Napa valley wine to sell for more than $100 at release?
1978 Diamond Creek Cabernet Sauvignon
53
Name 3 examples of cult producers in Napa
Screaming Eagle
Colgin
Harlan Estate
54
When was the first AVA established in America?
1980
55
What was America's first AVA?
Augusta AVA in Missouri
56
When was the Napa Valley AVA established?
1981
57
What government agency oversees the AVA system?
the Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB)
58
When was the Calistoga AVA approved by the TTB?
2009
59
If a label lists an AVA, whats the min. % of grapes used to produce the wine must have originated from the stated region?
min. 85%
60
If a label lists by country/state/county, whats the min. % of grapes used to produce the wine must have originated from the stated region?
min. 75%
61
If a label lists a single vineyard, whats the min. % of grapes used to produce the wine must have originated from the stated single vineyard?
min. 95%
62
What % of a wine labeled with an AVA must come from the stated vintage?
min. 95%
63
What % of a wine labeled with a state or county must come from the stated vintage?
min. 85%
64
What is the min. % of a stated variety for American varietal wines?
min. 75%
65
What % of a wine labeled Estate Bottle must come from land owned or controlled by the winery in the US?
100%
66
California is divided into what 4 large AVAs?
North Coast
Central Coast
South Coast
Sierra Foothills
67
What % of California's wine is sourced from the Central Valley?
75%
68
What are the requirements for a wine to be labeled "Meritage"
has to be a blend
no grape can make up more than 90% of a blend
can be red or white
must be produced from Bordeaux varieties
69
What are the 6 counties covered in the North Coast AVA?
Napa
Sonoma
Mendocino
Lake
Solano
Marin
70
What % of California's vineyards are located in Napa Valley?
4%
71
How many sub-AVAs are located in Napa Valley AVA?
16
72
What is the name of the area that cool ocean air funnels into Napa?
The Petaluma Gap
73
What body of water is south of Napa Valley?
San Pablo Bay
74
What is the southernmost AVA in Napa?
Carneros
75
What is the northernmost AVA in Napa?
Calistoga
76
What is the altitude range in Napa valley?
zero to 2,000 ft above sea level
77
What mountain range is west of Napa Valley?
Mayacamas Mountains
78
What mountain range is east of Napa Valley?
Vaca Mountains
79
What are the 3 main types of soils in Napa Valley?
Volcanic
Alluvial
Maritime soils
80
What was the first sub-appellation established in Napa Valley?
Howell Mountain AVA
81
Why are valley floor Cabernets from Napa more elegant and supple than mountside AVAs?
The top soil is deeper.
*the mountainside AVAs are losing topsoil to erosion
82
What AVA in Napa exemplifies the valley floor style?
Rutherford AVA
83
Where would you most likely find Pinot Noir in Napa Valley?
Carneros
84
What is the northernmost AVA in Sonoma?
Pine Mountain-Cloverdale Peak AVA
85
What soil characterizes Russian River Valley?
Goldridge sandy loam soils
86
Name 3 trademark Sonoma Coast Producers
Hirsch
Marcassin
Peay
87
Name 4 trademark Russian River Valley Producers
Dehlinger
Joseph Swan
Rochioli
William-Selyem
88
Name 3 trademark Green Valley of Russian River Valley producers
Kosta Browne
Freeman
Iron Horse
89
Who is a famous sparkling house in Green Valley of Russian River Valley?
Iron Horse
90
What is the warmest AVA in Sonoma?
Knights Valley
91
Alexander Valley Cabernets vs Napa Cabernets
Alexander Valley Cabernets tend be more herbacous and have less body than Napa Cabernets
92
What are Dry Creek Valley and Rockpile AVAs known for?
ripe, powerful styles of Zinfandel usually aged in American or French oak
93
What is the main variety in Bennett Valley AVA?
Merlot
| *it is too cool to routinely ripen Cabernet Sauvignon
94
Who was the pioneer of American Sparkling wine in Carneros?
Gloria Ferrer
95
Mendocinos best winegrowing regions are located between what 2 rivers?
Russian River
| Navarro River
96
What are the 7 sub-AVAs of Mendocino AVA?
Anderson Valley
Potter Valley
Redwood Valley
McDowell Valley
Yorkville Highlands
Cole Ranch
(a portion of) Mendocino Ridge
97
Cole Ranch AVA is a monopole of what producer in Mendocino?
Esterlina
98
McDowell Valley AVA is a monopole of what producer in Mendocino?
McDowell Valley Winery
99
What Champagne house established an American sparkling house in Anderson Valley?
Louis Roederer
100
What is the smallest wine-producing county in the North Coast AVA
Lake County
101
How many AVAs are in Lake County?
7
102
What is the most prominent AVA in Lake County?
Clear Lake AVA
103
What are the 2 major vineyards in the Santa Cruz Mountains AVA?
Ridge's Monte Bello
| the original Bonny Doon Estate vineyard
104
Where would you find Sauvignon Blanc in Central Coast California?
Livermore Valley AVA
105
Who is the most notable producer from Livermore Valley?
Wente
106
What AVA is Garys' Vineyard located in?
Santa Lucia Highlands AVA (Central Coast)
107
What AVA is Calera located in?
Mount Harlan AVA (within San Benito County)
108
What county is Paso Robles located in?
San Luis Obispo County
109
How many AVAs are located in Paso Robles?
11
110
What valley does cool air pass through to Paso Robles?
the Templeton Gap
111
What river runs through Paso Robles?
the Salinas River
112
Who planted the first commercial Syrah vines in Paso Robles?
Gary Eberle
113
What CDP chateau owns the Tablas Creek nursery?
Chateau Beaucastel
114
Name 3 AVAs in San Luis Obispo other than Paso Robles
York Mountain
Arroyo Grande
Edna Valley
115
Where does the California coastline start to bend east-west?
Point Conception
116
What are the 2 mountain ranges in Santa Barbara?
San Rafael Mountains
| Santa Ynez Mountains
117
What are the 2 main AVAs of Santa Barbara County?
Santa Maria Valley AVA
| Santa Ynez Valley AVA
118
What are the 4 AVAs within the Santa Ynez Valley?
Sta. Rita Hills
Happy Canyon of Santa Barbara
Ballard Canyon
Los Olivos District
119
What AVA is the Bien Nacido Vineyard located within?
Santa Maria Valley AVA
120
The Central Valley in California is divided into what 2 regions (north to south)
Sacramento Valley
| San Joaquin Valley
121
What is the most important AVA in the Central Valley AVA?
Lodi
122
What % of California's grape production is made in Lodi?
20%
123
What central valley AVA was the heart of the 19th century Gold rush?
Sierra Foothills AVA
124
What are the 5 sub-zones of Sierra Foothills AVA?
Fair Play
El Dorado
Fiddletown
North Yuba
California Shenandoah Valley
125
What state is the 2nd largest produce of premium wines in America?
Washington State
126
Washington's vineyards are found east of what mountain range?
the Cascade Mountains
127
Vineyards in eastern Washington are generally planted in what 2 kinds of soils?
sandy or silty loam soils
128
What is the largest appellation in Washington State?
Columbia Valley AVA
129
What was Washington's first AVA?
Yakima Valley AVA (1983)
130
What are the 3 AVAs within Yakima Valley AVA?
Snipes Mountain
Rattlesnack Hills
Red Mountain
131
What is the warmest, smallest, and most densly planted AVA in Washington?
Red Mountain
132
What are the 3 best quality AVAs in Washington?
Yakima Valley
Red Mountain
Walla Walla Valley
133
What is the soil composition like in Walla Walla Valley?
thin alluvial top soils
loess is everywhere
basalt bedrock
134
What AVA in Oregon has similar galets soils as Chateauneuf-du-Pape?
the Rocks of Milton-Freewater
135
What are the 2 most planted varieties in Washington?
Cabernet Sauvignon
| Merlot
136
What are the 3 AVAs that Oregon and Washington State share? (East to West)
Walla Walla Valley
Columbia Valley
Columbia Gorge
137
How many miles long is the Willamette Valley?
120 miles southward from Portland
138
The Willamette Valley is located between what 2 mountain ranges?
Coastal Range
| Cascade Mountains
139
Who was the first to plant Pinot Noir in the Willamette Valley?
David Lett of Eyrie Vineyards
140
Which AVA is Domaine Drouhin Oregon located?
Dundee Hills AVA
141
When did Maison Joseph Drouhin purchase land in Dundee Hills?
197
142
What are the 6 original smaller AVAs within Willamette Valley?
Dundee Hills
Eola-Amity Hills
Ribbon Ridge
McMinnville
Yamhill-Carlton District Chehalem Mountains
143
What is the newest AVA within Willamette Valley?
Van Duzer Coridor AVA (2018)
144
What are the 2 main soils of the Willamette Valley?
Jory well drained soils
| Willakenzie marine sedimentary soils
145
What AVA is associated with Jory soils?
Dundee Hills AVA
146
What AVA is associated with Willakenzie soils?
Ribbon Ridge AVA
147
Where does cool Pacific wind funnel through in the Willamette Valley?
the Van Duzer Coridor
148
What 2 AVAs are most impacted by the Van Duzer Coridor winds?
McMinnville
| Eola-Amity Hills
149
What are 5 AVAs within Southern Oregon AVA?
Umpqua Valley
Elkton Oregon
Rogue Valley
Applegate Valley
Red Hill Douglas County
150
What is the warmest and driest AVA in Oregon?
Applegate Valley AVA
151
What AVA is shared with Oregon an Idaho?
Snake River Valley AVA
152
What is the min % of Pinot Noir or Pinot Gris in an Oregon Varietal wine?
90% vs the standard american 75%
153
What % of a wine from an AVA in Oregon must come from the stated AVA?
95% rather than the 85% mandated by federal law
154
What are the 2 sub-AVAs of Long Island AVA?
North Fork of Long Island
| The Hamptons, Long Island
155
90% of New York wine is made from what region?
The Finger Lakes
156
Niagara is an American cross of what 2 grapes?
Concord
| Cassady
157
What is the largest demarcated appellation in America?
The Upper Mississippi River Valley AVA
158
What does VQA stand for?
Vintners' Quality Alliance
159
What is the appellation system called in Canada?
VQA
160
When was the VQA established?
1988
161
Where are VQA standards legally enforced?
Ontario
| *BC voluntarily follows VQA standards
162
In Canada, what % of a wine must come from the stated province?
100%
163
In British Columbia VQA, what % of wine must come from the stated appellation?
95%
164
In Ontario VQA, what % of wine must come from the stated appellation?
85% for regional appellations
| 100% for sub-appellations
165
What % of a wine labeled as a single vineyard in Canada must come from the stated vineyard?
100%
166
What % of a wine from Canada must come from the stated vintage (exception being sparkling wine)?
85%
167
What % of varietal wines from Canada must contain the stated variety?
85%
168
What are the 3 main appellations within Ontario VQA
Niagara Peninsula
Lake Erie North Shore
Prince Edward County
169
What are the 2 sub-appellations of Niagara Peninsula VQA?
Niagara Escarpment
| Niagara-on-the-Lake
170
What is the famous producer of Icewine in Niagara Peninsula?
Inniskillin
171
When must producers in Canada declare their intent to make Icewine?
In November
172
When must canadian icewine grapes be harvested?
at night
173
What is the min. temperature for icewine grapes in Canada to be picked at?
-8° C
174
How many VQAs are in British Columbia?
10
175
What is the northernmost VQA in Canada?
Okanagan Valley VQA in BC
176
What % of British Columbian wine comes from Okanagan Valley?
82%
177
What 2 mountain ranges are in the Okanagan Valley?
the Cascades &
| Monashee Mountains
178
Who produces Cuvee Arthur?
Domaine Drouhin Oregon
179
Who produces Cuvee J?
Evesham Wood
180
Who produces Upper Terrace?
Beaux Freres
181
Who produces Sigrid?
Bergstrom
182
Hames Valley, Chalone, and Arroyo Seco are AVAs in which California county?
Monterrey
183
Lake, Solano, and Marin Counties are within what AVA?
North Coast
184
Mills Vineyard is associated with which producer?
Calera
185
Kronos Vineyard is associated with which producer?
Corison
186
Clos du Ciel Vineyard is associated with which producer?
Peter Michael
187
Lake Vineyard is associated with which producer?
Diamond Creek
188
Which AVA is the Savoy vineyard located?
Anderson Valley
189
Which AVA is the Sanford & Benedict located?
Sta. Rita Hills
190
Which AVA is the Bien Nacido vineyard located?
Santa Maria Valley
191
Which AVA is Gap's Crown vineyard located?
Sonoma Coast
