NT Defects

Question 1

Spina bifida

Answer 1

Fail NT close in first 4wk

Folic acid defic

Question 2

Occulata

Answer 2

Skin intact
Vertebral arch defect
Maybe hair tuft, skin mark

Question 3

Cystica

Answer 3

Verteb defect and cystic mass through skin
Meningocoele- cyst is dura and arach, no neural tiss so func can be normal
Myelomeningocoele- MOST COMM. neural tiss in protruding sac
Rachischisis- spine open, neural plate spread on surf

Question 4

Anencephaly

Answer 4

Brain not form

Question 5

Ix

Answer 5

Cystica pick up on antenatal US
Neon exam- head circ, reflexes, anal sphincter, urin stream, full motor exam, sens exam, hip and foot
Bloods foe eg renal func
Urodynamic tests
XR hip, spine

Question 6

Mx

Answer 6

Keep cyst moist and not squashed
Myelomening surg bef 26wk gestat can preserve func
PN surg in first days
Mobil mx- hip and spine surg
Physio and OT
Neurosurg FU for teth SC or hydrocephalus

Question 7

complics

Answer 7

Meningitis
Neurogenic bladder- overflow UI, UTIs
HYDROCEPH