Nucleotides and nucleic acid

Question 1

What are the purines

Answer 1

Guanine and adenine

Question 2

What are the pyrimidines

Answer 2

Thymine and cytosine (DNA)

Uracil and cytosine (RNA)

Question 3

What are nitrogenous base

Answer 3

Purine

Pyrimidine

Question 4

What is a nucleoside

Answer 4

Base+Sugar

Question 5

What is a Nucleotide

Answer 5

Base+Sugar+phosphate

Question 6

What is the starting material for the synthesis of purine nucleotides

Answer 6

Ribose-5-phosphate

Question 7

What is the precursor to other purine nucleotides (guanine + Adenine)

Answer 7

Inosine monophosphate (IMP)

Question 8

What can PRPP be turned into

Answer 8

Nuclotide salvge

Biosynthesis of Tryptophan and histidine

Question 9

What enzyme converts ribose-5-phosphate into PRPP

Answer 9

Ribose phosphate pyrophosphokinase

Question 10

What is the first committed step of creating IMP

Answer 10

PRP to 5-phosphoribosylamine

Question 11

What is the first ATP utilizing step in creating IMP

Answer 11

5-phosphoribosylamine –> GAR

Question 12

What is the second ATP utilizing step in making IMP

Answer 12

FGAR –> AIR

Question 13

What is the third ATP utilizing step

Answer 13

AIR –> SACAIR

Question 14

What enzyme turns FAICAR into IMP

Answer 14

IMP synthase

Question 15

what pathways synthesize purine nucleotides

Answer 15

Salvage pathways

Question 16

What does hypoxanthine do to amidophosphoribosyl transferase

Answer 16

Inhibits it

Question 17

What are purines degraded into

Answer 17

Uric acid

Question 18

What do purines need to be converted into before they are converted into uric acid

Answer 18

Xanthine

Question 19

What enzyme converts Xanthine into uric acid

Answer 19

Xanthine oxidase

Question 20

What is caused by accumulation of excess uric acid

Answer 20

Gout

Question 21

What forms the initial ring structure when synthesizing pyrimidine nucleotides

Answer 21

CAD

Question 22

Is cytosine salvageable in humans

Answer 22

No

Question 23

What enzyme is used to convert ADP, GDP, UDP, TMP into thier deoxy form to help make deoxynucleotides

Answer 23

ribonucleotide reductase

Question 24

What donates nitrogen for purines

Answer 24

Aspartate
Glutamine
Glycine

Question 25

What donates nitrogen for pyrimidines

Answer 25

Aspartate | Glutamine

Question 26

What donates a carbon (methyl) for purines

Answer 26

``` Carbon dioxide Folid Acid (THF) ```

Question 27

What donates a carbon (methyl) for pyrmidines

Answer 27

Aspartate Bicarbonate Folid Acid (THF)

Question 28

What is the precursor for purine nucleotides

Answer 28

IMP

Question 29

What is the precursor for pyrimdine nucleotide

Answer 29

UMP

Question 30

What is IMP converted into

Answer 30

GMP | AMP

Question 31

What is UMP converted into

Answer 31

CMP | TMP