nutrition and caries Flashcards
(39 cards)
what is pre eruption effects
nutritional effects which effect the enamel systemically eg calcium deficiency leading to rickets
what is post eruption effects
NUTRITIONAL EFFECTS THAT are topical only on the enamel
what might dietary components cause
increased or decreased caries risk
why might dietary components cause increased caries risk
increase in fermentable carbohydrates
reduction in remineralisation process
reduction in salivary flow
why might dietary components decrease caries risk
inhibit microbial metabolism
promote natural remineralisation
which nutritional factors may affect the teeth during enamle development
mineral ions
vitamins
what does deficient calcium or phosphate lead to
compromisation of mineral tissues such as teeth- eg hypoplastic enamel
what does XS fluoride intake lead to
fluorosis
lead to fragility
what does a decrease in fluoride lead to
increases susceptibility to caries
if calcium is scarce growth of what is more important
enamel development rather than bone
what does pem lead to in the saliva
decreases calcium content
decreases salivary flow rate
this affects buffering capacity, proteins, IgA and lysozymes
what can vit E deficiency lead to
disturb enamel formation in animals
RARE IN HUMAN
give examples of protein found in saliva
arginase and ferritin
what does arginase do in the saliva
arginine is decomposed by arginase to form urea and ornithine
why is the urea helpful in the arginine pathway
decomposes through bacterial metabolic pathways into ammonia and co2
formation of ammonia makes oral environment alkaline, reducing acidity
what can vit D deficiency lead to
disturbed calcium and phosphate metabolism- rickets
eg slight enamel hypoplasia
what is enamel hypoplasia seen as clinically
rough pitted enamel can lead to the adherence of food and plaque better
more fragile
which three acids does pyruavte produce
lactic acid
formic acid
acetic acid
what is PEM
protein energy malnutrition
can affect both the tooth structure and saliva composition
what does pem lead to in the tooth structure
associated with enamel hypoplasia
when are sugars particularly bad
when mixed with sticky starch based food eg cake or eaten as solids
give examples of plaque polymers
glucan and fructan
how much water should we drink a day
- 5 L a day
1. 8 L from beverages
what can be the issue with dehydration
reduces the salivary flow rate
increased caries risk
can be an issue for athletes with sports drinks which have high sugar
