Nutrition Final

Question 1

Prions are also known as?

Answer 1

TSE (Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies)

Question 2

What is the normal form of prion called?

Answer 2

PrP c (Cellular)

Question 3

What is the infectious form of prions?

Answer 3

PrP sc (scrapie)

Question 4

PrP sc interacts with PrP c and changes to what?

Answer 4

PrP sc

Question 5

Which prion disease affects sheep?

Answer 5

Scrapie

Question 6

What are the other names for Scrapie?

Answer 6

Cuddy trot (Scotland)

Rubbers or the googles (England)

Le treblante or the trembles (France)

Question 7

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) aka:

Answer 7

Mad cow disease

Question 8

What causes abnormal motor nerve control an aggressiveness?

Answer 8

BSE

Question 9

Prion disease seen in mule deer, elk, white and black tailed deer

Answer 9

CWD (Chronic Wasting Disease)

Question 10

What sheep breed are more prone to Scrapie?

Answer 10

Black face sheep

Question 11

How is scrapie passed?

Answer 11

Ewe to offspring

Question 12

Disease spread by force feeding infected cadavers, inferior quality meat, and slaughterhouse scraps.

Answer 12

BSE

Question 13

Heating prions to ____ renders them inactive

Answer 13

130 degrees C

Question 14

PrP CWD live in environment for ____ years

Answer 14

2 years

Question 15

How is TME transmitted?

Answer 15

eating contaminated feed

Question 16

How is FSE transmitted?

Answer 16

Eating BSE contaminated meat

Question 17

When prions form together they form large aggregates called _____

Answer 17

Amyloid

Question 18

Where do prions typically kill and damage brain cells?

Answer 18

Cerebellum or cerebral hemispheres

Question 19

How is scrapie diagnosed?

Answer 19

clinical signs and biopsy of lymphoid tissues on inside of third eyelid

Question 20

How is BSE diagnosed?

Answer 20

ELISA, immunassay

Question 21

What is the causitive agent of cat scratch fever?

Answer 21

Bacteria bartonella henselae

Question 22

Higher rates of cat scratch fever are reported when?

Answer 22

Autumn and Winter

Question 23

Children make up for ___% of cat scratch fever infections

Answer 23

80%

Question 24

Where are the highest level of seropositive cats found?

Answer 24

southeastern states, california, Hawaii, pacific NW

Question 25

How is cat scratch fever transmitted?

Answer 25

Dried infected flea feces via claws of cats

Question 26

Disease that typically causes regional lymphadenopathy in LN's that drain inoculation site (most common in upper extremities)

Answer 26

Cat scratch fever

Question 27

What is the incubation time for cat scratch fever?

Answer 27

1-2 weeks

Question 28

Cat scratch fever is usually \_\_\_-\_\_\_\_\_ regional lymphadenopathy

Answer 28

Self-limiting

Question 29

How is cat scratch fever diagnosed in humans?

Answer 29

culture (takes too long), IFA, ELISA

Question 30

Average bacteria are usually greater than ____ nm

Answer 30

200

Question 31

Viruses are usually \_\_-\_\_\_ nm in size (usually less than \_\_\_nm)

Answer 31

20-300 nm, usually smaller than 200 nm)

Question 32

Viruses are made up of DNA or RNA while most microorganisms are made up of???

Answer 32

Both DNA and RNA

Question 33

What viral stage releases the nucleic acid?

Answer 33

Stage 3 - Uncoating

Question 34

What are the 2 possible ways viruses can release from host?

Answer 34

Cell lysing Budding release

Question 35

Viruses need ___ \_\_\_ to grow

Answer 35

living cells

Question 36

What is the indirect technique for diagnosing viruses?

Answer 36

Hemagglutinations

Question 37

What are the three types of influenza?

Answer 37

A, B, C

Question 38

Moderate to severe influenza type infecting pigs, birds, horses, seals, dogs and people in winter months.

Answer 38

Type A

Question 39

Milder epidemic form of influenza infecting ferrets, seals, pigs, dogs and horses

Answer 39

Type B

Question 40

Mild, sporadic respiratory form of influenza infecting pigs, dogs and horses

Answer 40

Type C

Question 41

H5NI represents which influenza?

Answer 41

Avian

Question 42

H1N1, H1N2, H3N2 represent which influenza?

Answer 42

Swine

Question 43

Subtype of equine H2N8?

Answer 43

Dog influenza

Question 44

Atypical Fowl Plague AKA:

Answer 44

New Castle Disease

Question 45

Causitive agent of New Castle Disease

Answer 45

Enveloped single strand RNA

Question 46

Fertile eggs can carry what disease?

Answer 46

New Castle Disease

Question 47

Direct contact with bird feces or respiratory discharges can transmit what disease?

Answer 47

New Castle Disease

Question 48

Where does most replication occur in New Castle Disease?

Answer 48

Cytoplasm

Question 49

Disease with symptoms that include edema on dorsal surface of the rostral 2/3 of the tongue

Answer 49

Foot and mouth

Question 50

When are clinical signs of foot and mouth visualized?

Answer 50

3-5 days after infection

Question 51

This disease causes high fevers and blisters in the mouth of cattle

Answer 51

Foot and mouth

Question 52

Myocarditis is a complication of what disease?

Answer 52

Foot and mouth

Question 53

Treatment for foot and mouth?

Answer 53

None. Cull herd.

Question 54

Contagious Ecthyma is also known as?

Answer 54

"Orf", sore mouth, scabby mouth, contagious pustular dermatitis, infectious labial dermatitis, contagious pustular stomatitis

Question 55

\_\_\_\_\_ are more susceptible to Contagious Ecthyma

Answer 55

Lambs

Question 56

What species has more severe clinical signs of contagious ecthyma?

Answer 56

Goats

Question 57

Parapoxvirus ovis is the causitive agent of what?

Answer 57

Contagious Ecthyma

Question 58

Contagious Ecthyma causitive agent is enveloped, ____ strand DNA

Answer 58

double