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Nutrition > nutritional math > Flashcards

nutritional math Flashcards

1
Q

BCS

A

Body Condition Score

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2
Q

What is Body Condition Scoring

A

a subjective analysis of a patients’ initial fat and muscle content as well as the fluctuations

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3
Q

Why is BCS important?

A

it’s important as it can help determine the overall health of a pet, especially for the body conditions that are different between breeds

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4
Q

2 common BCS scales

A

5-point scale
9-point scale

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5
Q

5-point scale

A

increases by 1/2 point intervals with 3 being ideal

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6
Q

9-point scale

A

increases by intervals of 1 where 4-5 is ideal

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7
Q

3 methods of evaluating body condition

A

starting at the head move caudal
evaluate fat coverage on the ribs, spine, abdomen and hips
look for abdominal tuck, defined waist, palpable ribs

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8
Q

T or F: A score of 3 on a 5-point scale is considered a perfect body condition

A

true

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9
Q

Recommended body fat % for cats and dogs

A

15%-25%

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10
Q

Body fat % for a pet to be considered overweight

A

26%-35%

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11
Q

Body fat % for a pet to be considered obese

A

40%+

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12
Q

DER

A

Daily Energy Requirements

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13
Q

The amount of food we feed to an animal is based on what?

A

Daily Energy Requirements

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14
Q

What does DER consider?

A

age
lifestyle factors
reproductive status

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15
Q

RER

A

Resting Energy Requirement

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16
Q

DER or RER first?

A

RER - we calculate the amount of energy required for the animal to maintain its’ body weight at rest (thermo regulated)

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17
Q

Equation to determine RER

A

RER (Kcal/day) = 70 (BW in KG) to the power of 0.75 (3/4)

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18
Q

RER (Kcal/day) = 70(10kg)^0.75

A

RER = 393 Kcal/day

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19
Q

What is the next step to calculating a patient’s DER

A

multiplying the patient’s RER by a coefficient based on life stage/body condition

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20
Q

Next step of calculating calorie requirements

A

muliply the sum of the RER by the life stage/lifestyle factor

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21
Q

RER = 70(1.36kg)^0.75

A

RER = 88Kcal/day

22
Q

DER = 2.5(88) kcal/day

A

DER = 220 kcal/day

23
Q

Do it yourself: RER = 70(6kg)^0.75

A

RER = 268 kcal/day

24
Q

Do it yourself: DER = 1.2(268)kcal/day

A

DER = 402 kcal/day

25
Q

How do we determine the amount of food a pet should receive

A

divide the DER by the number of calories in a can/cup of selected food/treats

26
Q

If a kittens DER is 220 kcal/day and dry kitten food contains 338 kcal/cup, how much food does the kitten eat?

A

220kcal / 338kcal/cup = 0.65 cups of food per day or 2/3 cup each day

27
Q

T or F: We should divide the number of feedings an animal gets per day with the total amount of kcal they need to consume in order to best understand how much we’re feeding them

A

true - if we’re feeding the previously mentioned kitten 2/3 cups of food a day but have two feeding times thats broken down to 1/3 cups 2x a day

28
Q

What should we do if we want to add treats into the kittens diet?

A

we need to substract the amount of calories a treat contains from their normal intake in order to not over feed (if a treat = 22 cals, we will subtract 22 cals from the regular feeding)

29
Q

T or F: Only 10% of calories should come from treats/extras

A

true

30
Q

MER

A

Metabolic Energy Requirement

31
Q

Metabolic Energy Requirement

A

amount of energy an animal needs to support energy equilibrium, accounts for thermoregulation, activity and exercise

32
Q

What does MER include?

A

requirements for reproduction
gestation
lactation

33
Q

T or F: Pet food bags base their feeding guides on MER

A

true - variations based on individual pets

34
Q

3 different feeding methods

A

ad-lib feeding
portion controlled feeding/meal feeding
time restricted feeding

35
Q

Ad-lib feeding/free feeding

A

allows the pet to have unlimited access to food all day
meal is left down - pet will not empty bowl right away
bowl is filled multiple times a day - pet is constantly eating, no measuring

36
Q

T or F: Pets who are free-fed usually eat 10-20% more calories than they should

A

false - 15-20%

37
Q

T or F: Pet owners can’t gauge how much their pet is truly eating with free-feeding

A

true

38
Q

Portion controlled feeding

A

a specific measurement of food that the pet receives multiple times throughout the day, at the same times everyday

39
Q

T or F: Two meals are usually offered daily with portion controlled feeding

A

true - morning and evening

40
Q

How many meals should puppies/kittens have when it comes to portion controlled feeding

A

3-4 meals

41
Q

Why is portion controlled feeding more recommended?

A

it allows an owner to evaluate their pets appetite, note changes and prevent unneeded weight gain

42
Q

List some benefits of a pre-scheduled feeding device

A

help with weight control
decreases overfeeding
prevents early morning wakeup calls
can be programmed to a specific pet (no overeating/undereating)

43
Q

Time restricted feeding

A

this allows an owner to feed their pet as much as they desire but in a set amount of time, the pet MUST eat well to assume necessary calories

44
Q

T or F: There is a high chance of overfeeding when it comes to time restricted feeding

A

true

45
Q

List some pros of interactive feeders

A

designed to make pets work for their food
helps with weight control
adds environmental enrichment
adds mental stimulation
can help slow down pets that inhale their food

46
Q

T or F: Pets can develop acne or skin irritation around their mouth if they eat from plastic/porous dishes

A

true

47
Q

T or F: Food/water dishes should be washed EVERY DAY, thoroughly, with hot soapy water no matter the material

A

true

48
Q

Why should we be washing our pets food and water dishes every day?

A

still water can become rancid and harbour harmful pathogens/bacteria
wet food can cement itself to a bowl and the fats covering dry food end up sticking to the bowl, also becoming rancid and creating a breeding ground for bacteria

49
Q

How do we calculate the 10% of calories that can be made up of treats

A

you multiply 0.10 or 0.1 by the total amount of DER

50
Q

Calculate the 10% of the DER from number 24, 402

A

402 x 0.10 = 40.2, which means treats should make up only 40 calories of the 402 DER

Nutrition (6 decks)

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