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mental dental > OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES > Flashcards

OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES Flashcards

1
Q

systemic review that uses quantitative methods to summarize results

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
cross sectional
case control study
A

Meta analysis

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2
Q

authors searched for appraised and summarized all medical literature for specicifc topic

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
cross sectional
case control study
A

systemic review

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3
Q

study gathers group regardless of risk or if they have disease or not and compare in single point of time

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
cross sectional
case control study
A

cross sectional study

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4
Q

identifies 2 groups of ptnts, one that has disease and one that did not and follow these groups forward for outcome of interest

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
cross sectional
case control study
A

Cohort , prospective study

cohort = 2 groups
prospective ( look in the future)

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5
Q

study looked into the past that compares people that have the disease to people that do not have disease and looks back to see how risk for disease compares to actually getting it

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
cross sectional
case control study
A

case control study

case control = retrospect ( the past)

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6
Q

epidemiological study that looks at entire population simultaneously at one point in time (collect data from many different individuals at a single point in time.)

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
cross sectional
case control study
A

CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ( one point of time) = PREVALENCE ( people who have issue at specific point of time)

EX: SURVEYS

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7
Q

timed study that looks at certain set of people over extended period of time

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
longitudinal study
cross sectional
case control study
A

LONGITUDINAL STUDY (longitudinal = long time

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8
Q

what determines relative risk ration?

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
longitudinal study
cross sectional
case control study
A

COHORT

OO= RR

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9
Q

what type of study determines odds ration

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
longitudinal study
cross sectional
case control study
A

case control study

two existing groups differing in outcome are identified and compared on the basis of some supposed causal attribute.

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10
Q

reduce certain sources of bias when testing the effectiveness of new treatments by comparing experimental group with control group

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
longitudinal study
cross sectional
case control study
A

RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS

medicine given to group anad placeebo to another to see if medicine work

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11
Q

study looked at lung cancer patients to see if smoking caused it. this is an example if what study?

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
longitudinal study
cross sectional
case control study
A

CASE CONTROL STUDY : ODDS RATION !!

look at disease and see odds due to smoking

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12
Q

a study was conducted to see if smokers who do not have cancer will develop it overtime?

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
longitudinal study
cross sectional
case control study
A

COHORT= PREVALENCE ( watch over time)

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13
Q

a study was conducted that looked at lung cancer patients to see if smoking had any correlation to it

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
longitudinal study
cross sectional
case control study
A

CASE CONTROL STUDY (retrospective)

  • have disease look back in time at history
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14
Q

researcher trying to find prevelance of a disease in a moment of time.

meta analysis
systemic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
longitudinal study
cross sectional
case control study
A

CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

EX: measure CURRENT obesity levels in a population, we could draw a sample of 1,000 people randomly from that population (also known as a cross section of that population), measure their weight and height, and calculate what percentage of that sample is categorized as obese

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15
Q

An observational study that compares the relationship between oral cancer and male smokers at a single point of time

meta analysis
systematic review 
randomized controlled trials 
cohort study
longitudinal study
cross sectional
case control study
A

CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY:

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16
Q

The PERCENTAGE of people in a population suffering from a particular disease at a given point in time is?

match 2 terms

incidence
prevalence
Cohort
cross sectional

A

PREVELANCE. (cross sectional study). *****

17
Q

The rate of new cases of disease occurring in specific population over time

match 2 terms

prevalence
incidence
Cohort
Cross Sectional

A

Incidence ( Cohort) **

18
Q

The degree to which a measurement represents the true value of something

match 2 terms

validity
reliability
accuracy
precision

A

Validity (accuracy)

19
Q

degree of resemblance among study results, were the study to be repeated under similar circumstances. How constant and close repetitive measures are

validity
reliability
accuracy
precision

A

Reliability (precision)

20
Q

if P< .05 what do you do to null hypothesis? is it statisticully significant or non-significant

A

reject null
statistically significant
more likely relationship exists

researcher basically agrees with the one who made the test and determines that they are right !

21
Q

if P> .05 what do you do to null hypothesis? is it statistically significant or non-significant

A

accept null : not significant

less likely relationship exists

researcher basically disagrees with the one who made the test and determines that were ring, hence accepts null !

22
Q

type 1 error is what type of issue?

negative or positive T or F

A

Type 1: FP

type 2: FN

mental dental (18 decks)

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