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MCAT > Ochem > Flashcards

Ochem Flashcards

1
Q

Naming steps

A
  1. Find longest carbon chain 2. The highest priority functional group will provide the suffix 3. The carbon numbered 1 will be the one closest to the highest priority functional group 4. A substitutents name will be placed at the beginning as a prefix, followed by the name of the longest chain.
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2
Q

Priority in functional groups

A

The more oxidized a carbon is, the higher priority it has in the molecule. Oxidation state increases with more bonds to atoms other than carbon and hydrogen However Double bond > triple bond

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3
Q

t-butyl

A
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4
Q

isopropyl

A
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5
Q

isobutyl

A

Pic

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6
Q

sec-butyl

A

Pic

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7
Q

Hydrocarbons

A

Compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms

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8
Q

Alkanes

A

Have the formula CnH(2n+2) Methane (one carbon) Ethane (2 carbons) Propane (3 carbons) Butane (4 carbons) Pentane Hexane Heptane Octane Nonane

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9
Q

Alcohols

A

The hydroxyl group (OH) > double bond + triple bond Will be given a lower number If the alcohol is not the highest priority functional group, then it is named as a substituent (hydroxy-)

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10
Q

Ethanol

A

Pic

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11
Q

Ethyl alcohol

A

Pic

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12
Q

Isopropyl alcohol

A

Pic

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13
Q

Diols

A

Alcohols with two hydroxyl groups. Indicated with suffix -diol

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14
Q

Geminal diols

A

Diols with hydroxyl groups on the same carbon. AKA hydrates. They spontaneously dehydrate to produce carbonyl compounds

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15
Q

Vicinal diols

A

Diols with hydroxyl groups on adjacent carbons

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16
Q

Aldehydes

A

Suffix -al The aldehyde is usually at position 1, so you don’t need to include the number in the name

17
Q

Formaldehyde

A

AKA methanal Pic

18
Q

Acetaldehyde

A

AKA ethanal Pic

19
Q

Propionaldehyde

A

AKA propanal Pic

20
Q

Ketones

A

Suffix is -one The carbon adjacent to the carbonyl carbon is the alpha carbon

MCAT (19 decks)

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