october 3rd

Question 1

what are health inequalities?

Answer 1

differences in health which are unnecessary and avoidable but, in addition, are considered unfair and unjust

Question 2

avoidable differences in health

Answer 2

life expectancy at birth in canada 81.9 vs those with cystic fibrosis is 50 but people with CF in the USA is 40

Question 3

two approaches for unjust differences in health

Answer 3

• ‘free-standing’ approach to defining health inequities: any and all health inequalities are unjust
  -‘derivative’ approach to defining health inequalities: health inequalities are unjust if and only if they are caused by unjust socially controllable causes

Question 4

action on the social determinants of health

Answer 4

-inequities in health are influenced by inequalities in the social determinants of health
-the social determinants of health are addressed via policies in non-health sectors
-the reduction of health inequities is dependent on interventions in non-health sectors

Question 5

universalism

Answer 5

policy approach where eligibility and access to intended benefits are based simply on being part of a defined population without any further qualifiers such as income, education, class, race, place of origin, or employment status

Question 6

targeted approach

Answer 6

policy approach where eligibility and access to intended benefits are determined by selection criteria, such as income, health status, employment status or neighbourhood

Question 7

proportionate universal policy approaches

Answer 7

policy approach that encompasses both targeted and universal approaches to ensure the population as a whole is proportionately allocated benefits and services