Ocular Conditions

Question 1

When there is a break or scraping of the epithelium is called…..

Answer 1

Corneal Abrasion

Question 2

What are the symptoms for corneal abrasion?

Answer 2

• Light sensitivity
• excessive tearing

Question 3

What is the treatment for corneal abrasion?

Answer 3

• If it’s caused by a tree branch or contact lens (introducing the bacteria) then typical antibiotics may be used along with medication to control the pain.

Question 4

How long does it take for the corneal abrasion to heal?

Answer 4

• It will heal 24 to 48 hours, patching a corneal abrasion is rarely done any more.

Question 5

What is it called when a non-inflammatory condition in which the cornea thins and bulges forward?

Answer 5

Keratoconus

Question 6

What is the main sign for keratoconus and do you feel pain?

Answer 6

• Main sign is that the patient can’t achieve a 20/20 endpoint in their eye exam
• Corneal thinning inferiorly
• Fleischer’s ring
• Striae
  -Munson’s sign
• Feel no pain

Question 7

What does keratoconus display?

Answer 7

• It will display distorted and usually very steep readings.
• Corneal mapping may also show a classic pattern of inferior steepening on the cornea.

Question 8

What is a fleisher’s ring?

Answer 8

It is a rust colored ring comprised of iron deposited in the stroma

Question 9

What is Corneal striae?

Answer 9

Vertical stretch lines found in the stoma over the area where the cornea bulges forward.

Question 10

What is Munson’s sign?

Answer 10

when the lower lid is pushed outward when the patient looks down

Question 11

What type of lens would help the user with keratoconus?

Answer 11

GP (Gas permeable) contact lenses are often the best option for keratoconus patients
- It provides good vision for irregular astigmatic

Question 12

What would be an advanced case to keratoconus?

Answer 12

A corneal transplant (penetrating keratoplasty) may be necessary for advanced cases

Question 13

What is it called when an area characterized by a loss of epithelium?

Answer 13

Corneal Ulcer

Question 14

How are corneal Ulcers caused?

Answer 14

• Infections
• Bacterial
• Fungal
• Viral
• Injury can expose the cornea to these pathogens as well

Question 15

How can patients be at risk for developing an corneal ulcer?

Answer 15

• Patients who wear contact lenses may be at an increased risk of corneal ulcers, primarily if they sleep in their contact lenses or do not care for them as recommended.

Question 16

What are the symptoms of a Corneal Ulcer?

Answer 16

• A red, painful eye is most common with excessive tearing
• Redness in the conjunctiva
• Swollen eyelid
• Photophobia(light sensitivity)
• Blurry vision

Question 17

How do you treat Corneal Ulcer?

Answer 17

• In some cases medication will be prescribed to treat the ulcer and control the pain

Question 18

What happens when the severity corneal scarring occurs?

Answer 18

If scarring is severe and interferes with vision, or it the corneal ulcer threatens to perforate the cornea, a corneal transplant may be necessary

Question 19

What is conjunctivitis?

Answer 19

Is an inflammation of the conjunctiva

Question 20

What are the causes of conjunctivitis?

Answer 20

• Bacterial
• Viral
• Fungal
• Allergic

Question 21

What does bacterial conjunctivitis produce?

Answer 21

• Produce a thick discharge

Question 22

What does allergic conjunctivitis produced?

Answer 22

• Produce a watery discharge

Question 23

What is Vernal conjunctivitis?

Answer 23

• Is an allergic conjunctivitis due to a reaction to allergens in the environment and is most common in the spring and fall.

Question 24

What is Pinguelcula?

Answer 24

It is a yellowish, triangular thickening of bulbar conjunctiva found either nasally or temporally to the cornea.