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Oral Pathology > Odontogenic Cysts and Tumors > Flashcards

Odontogenic Cysts and Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of an Odontogenic cyst?

A

Pathologic cavity lined by odontogenic epithelium (dental lamina) and filled with fluid or semisolid material

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2
Q

What are 3 odontogenic tumors of epithelial origin?

A

1-Ameloblastoma
2-Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor (AOT)
3-Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor (CEOT)

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3
Q

What are 4 mixed odontogenic tumors?

A

1-Ameloblastic Fibroma
2-Ameloblastic Fibro-odontoma
3-Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma
4-Odontoma

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4
Q

What are 4 Ectomesenchyme odontogenic tumors?

A

1-Central Odontogenic Fibroma (COF)
2-Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma
3-Odontogenic Myxoma
4-Cementoblastoma

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5
Q

A cyst that originates by separation of the follicle from around the crown of an unerupted tooth attaching at the CEJ is called?

A

Dentigerous cyst

*most commonly Mandibular 3rd molars. Stratified squamous epithelial lining

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6
Q

What is the soft tissue analogue of a dentigerous cyst?

A

Eruption Cyst

*soft, translucent gingival swelling overlying the crown of an erupting tooth

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7
Q

Arising from the dental lamina, what has a 30% recurrence rate, is associated with a syndrome, and is also called a keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KOT)?

A

Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC)

*involves an unerupted tooth 1/3 of the time

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8
Q

In what direction do odontogenic keratocysts tend to grow?

A

Anterior-Posterior direction

*doesnt cause bone expansion

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9
Q

What is the differential for a multilocular radiolucency?

A

1-Central Giant Cell Granuloma
2-Ameloblastoma
3-Odontogenic Keratocyst
4-Dentigerous cyst (IF impacted tooth involvement)

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10
Q

A tooth in the inferior border of the orbit is most likely what?

A

Odontogenic keratocyst

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11
Q

What are the 4 histological characteristics of Odontogenic Keratocysts?

A

1-Thin, friable wall
2-6-8 cells thick
3-Basal cell layer is palisading and hyperchromatic
4-wavy or “corrugated” parakeratin

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12
Q

What syndrome is due to the PTCH gene on chromosome 9?

A

Gorlin Syndrome/ Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome

*know both names

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13
Q

Gorlin Syndrome/ Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome is characterized by what 4 main things?

A

1-Multiple basal cell carcinomas (BCCAs)
2-Odontogenic keratocysts
3-Calcification of the falx cerebri
4-Rib anomalies (splayed or bifid ribs)

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14
Q

What odontogenic cysts with orthokeratinized lining and NO basal palisading is most common in the posterior mandible that looks like a dentigerous cyst?

A

Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst (OOC)

*2% recurrence

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15
Q

What is the soft tissue counterpart to the lateral periodontal cyst, is derived from rests of serres with a predilection for the mandibular canine and premolar area?

A

Gingival Cyst of the Adult

*Typically facial gingiva around 5 mm

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16
Q

Which developmental odontogenic cyst typically occurs along the lateral root surface, arise from dental lamina and is the intrabony counterpart of the gingival cyst of the adult?

A

Lateral Periodontal Cyst

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17
Q

How do Lateral periodontal cysts appear radiographically?

A

Polycystic (multilocular) termed botryoid (“Grapelike”)

18
Q

AKA gorlin cyst, what has Ghost cells histologically that can calcify?

A

Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst (COC)

19
Q

Which developmental cyst with glandular and/or salivary gland features has a predilection for anterior mandible and recur 30% of the time?

A

Glandular odontogenic Cyst (GOC)

20
Q

What characteristically develops on the buccal aspect of the mandibular first permanent molar, pushes tooth lingually and occurs during the eruption process?

A

Buccal Bifurcation Cyst

*Average age 10

21
Q

What rare condition mimics odontogenic cysts except for having irregular and ragged margins, usually seen in older patients and arise within bone?

A

Odontogenic carcinoma

22
Q

What is the most common clinically significant odontogenic tumor, is of odontogenic epithelial origin and usually happens in the 3rd-7th decade?

A

Ameloblastoma

*usually in molar-ascending rams area

23
Q

What are the three types of ameloblastoma?

A

1-Conventional solid or multicystic – 85%
2-Unicystic – 15%
3-Peripheral – 1%

24
Q

What are two ways the buccal and lingual cortical expansion are described on a radiograph?

A

1-“Soap bubble” – when the RL loculations are large

2-“Honeycombed” – when the loculations are small

25
Q

Which type of ameloblastoma does not share features with other forms?

A

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma

*predilection for anterior maxilla

26
Q

What are the two main histopathologic features of ameloblastomas?

A

1-Palisading (hyperchromatic basal layer)

2-Reverse polarity

27
Q

What painless, nonulcerated, sessile gingival lesion may be clinically interpreted to be one of the 3Ps (bump on the gum)?

A

Peripheral Ameloblastoma

*Ave age is 50, usually posterior gingival mucosa on mandible

28
Q

Which non-cancer lesion has histologic features of a conventional ameloblastoma but shows metastatic deposits (usually lungs)?

A

Malignant Ameloblastoma

29
Q

Which ameloblastoma lesion has cytologic malignant features and follows markedly aggressive course?

A

Ameloblastic Carcinoma

*this is a cancer. Later in life

30
Q

Occuring in younger patients, what has a tendency to occur in the anterior maxilla, specifically involving the canine?

A

Adenomatoid Odontogenic tumor

*usually discovered on an XRAY when trying to determine why tooth hasn’t erupted

31
Q

How does an adenomatoid odontogenic tumor appear radiographically?

A

Snowflake calcifications

*Has thick fibrous capsule

32
Q

AKA Pinborg Tumor, what is found most often in the posterior mandible with a driven snow radiographic pattern?

A

Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor

33
Q

What are three features of a Calcifying Epithelial odontogenic tumor?

A

1-Driven snow Xray
2-Amyloid like material which turns apple green birefringence when stained with congo red
3-Liesgang rings (calcifications)

34
Q

What true mixed tumor has both epithelial and mesenchymal neoplastic tissues, typically found in the mandible?

A

Ameloblastic Fibroma

35
Q

What 4 things make up the differential for an odontogenic cyst/tumor with calcifications?

A

1- COC (Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst)
2-AOT (Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor, impacted Canines are this)
3-CEOT (Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor (Driven snow)
4-AFO (ameloblastic fibro-odontoma)

36
Q

Which lesion appears similat to an ameloblastic fibroma except it also has enamel and dentin?

A

Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma

*Ave age 10

37
Q

What is the malignant counterpart of the ameloblastic fibroma?

A

Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma

*mesenchymal portion shows malignancy

38
Q

What is the most common odontogenic tumor?

A

Odontoma

*Ave age 15

39
Q

Which type of odontoma is composed to multiple, small, toothlike structures?

A

Compound odontoma

*can see the dentin and enamel layers

40
Q

Which type of odontoma is composed of a conglomerate mass of enamel and dentin and does not look like a tooth?

A

Complex odontoma

41
Q

What lesion occurs on in the jaws and is all mesenchymal?

A

Odontogenic Myxoma

Oral Pathology (18 decks)

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