Opening of the World Flashcards
(28 cards)
1
Q
- In what year did Christopher Columbus reach the Caribbean?
A
- 1492
2
Q
- What did Columbus believe he was searching for when he sailed west?
A
- The Indies
3
Q
- What was the name given to lands in the Americas by Europeans?
A
- The ‘New World’
4
Q
- What are the three ‘G’s often associated with Spanish conquest?
A
- Gold, Glory, and God
5
Q
- Who led the conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521?
A
- Hernán Cortés
6
Q
- What is the term for Spanish conquerors of the Americas?
A
- Conquistadors
7
Q
- What document issued by the Pope allowed Spain to claim land from non-Christians?
A
- The Doctrine of Discovery
8
Q
- What was the name of the Spanish labour system forcing Indigenous people to work?
A
- Encomienda system
9
Q
- Why did England become jealous of Spain in the 16th century?
A
- Spain’s immense wealth and growing empire
10
Q
- What was the main religious difference between England and Spain during Elizabeth I’s reign?
A
- England was Protestant, Spain was Catholic
11
Q
- What was the name of the failed Spanish invasion of England in 1588?
A
- The Spanish Armada
12
Q
- Who was a famous English privateer and ‘Sea Dog’?
A
- Sir Francis Drake
13
Q
- What title was given to pirates with Queen Elizabeth I’s permission to attack Spanish ships?
A
- Privateers
14
Q
- What year was the Roanoke colony established?
A
- 1585
15
Q
- What was the first successful English colony in America?
A
- Jamestown
16
Q
- In what year was Jamestown, Virginia founded?
A
- 1607
17
Q
- What joint-stock company helped establish Virginia?
A
- The Virginia Company
18
Q
- Why was the colony of New Plymouth founded?
A
- Religious freedom for Puritans
19
Q
- What term describes someone who leaves one country to live in another?
A
- Colonist
20
Q
- What are two economic reasons why English people left for America?
A
- Opportunities for trade (e.g., tobacco) and wealth
21
Q
- What industry was the backbone of Tudor trade?
A
- Cloth production
22
Q
- What innovation helped investors spread the risk of trade ventures?
A
- Joint-stock companies
23
Q
- What company was founded in 1600 to trade in Asia?
A
- The East India Company
24
Q
- What was the purpose of the Royal African Company (founded 1660)?
A
- To trade in enslaved Africans
25
25. Why was Lloyd's of London founded in 1688?
25. To provide marine insurance for investors
26
26. By the end of the 17th century, how many merchants were in England?
26. Around 64,000
27
27. What was the name of the company trading with Morocco?
27. The Barbary Company
28
28. What term describes a company funded by investors sharing profits and risks?
28. Joint-stock company
