Flashcards in Ophtho terminology 3 Deck (47)
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Uvea
Iris, ciliary body, choroid
Vascular tunic of globe
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Uveitis
breakdown of blood ocular barrier (inflammation)
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Anterior uveitis
inflamed iris and ciliary body
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Posterior uveitis
inflammed choroid - likely chorioretinitis
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Panuveitis
inflammation of uvea: iris, ciliary body and choroid
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Endophthamitis
inflammation of all structures internal to fibrous tunic
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Fibrous tunic
cornea and slera
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Panophthalmitis
inflammation of all structures of the globe
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Aqueous flare
PATHOGNOMIC sign: anterior uveitis - proteins suspended in anterior chamber
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Keratic precipitates
PATHOGNOMIC sign: uveitis -cellular debris adheres to corneal endothelium - constant cycling convection currents
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ciliary flush
360˚ deep corneal neovascularization
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Fibrin
PATHOGNOMIC sign: uveitis - develops in the eye and adheres to delicate structures -> synechia
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Hypopyon
PATHOGNOMIC sign: uveitis - wbc settles in anterior chamber
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miosis
constriction of the pupil
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Dyschoria
abnormally shaped iris - posterior synechia?
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Synechia
adhesion of the iris to the lens (posterior)
Adhesion of the iris to the cornea (anterior)
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Iris bombe
360˚ posterior synechia - AH becomes entrapped within posterior chamber causing iris to bulge forward
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Hyphema
blood that settles within the anterior chamber - common with uveitis and indicative of large breakdown in blood ocular barrier
Hypertension and coagulopathies?
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Hypotony
Decreased intraocular pressure
Consistent with anterior uveitis
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Cycloplegia
paralysis of ciliary body muscle - atropine
can relieve pain from spasms
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Nuclear sclerosis
hardening of the lens that occurs natural in animals.
Lens appears cloudy - doesn't indicate vision loss
6-7yrs
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Cataract
Any opacity of the lens or lens capsule that prevents light passage
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Parallax
utilizing the appearance of one object relative to another to determine depth
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Lens zonules
small collagen fibrils arising from ciliary body that attach to the equater of the lens, securing the lens position wihtin the eye
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Intumsecent cataract
Swollen
common in diabetics - driven by osmotic effect of sorbitol trapped in lens capsule
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Phacoemulsification
modern technique for cataract surgery - lens broken by US eneregy and aspiration
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Aldose reductase
enzyme that converts glucose to sorbitol - causes osmotic pulling effect
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Lens luxation
complete detachment of the lens from lens zolnules - shifts side to side revealing aphakic cresent
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Aphakic crestn
Phakic = lens
Lens subluxation displaces cresent where lens is visible displaced
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Iridodonesis
movement of iris that occurs 2˚ to lens instability
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Phacodonesis
movement of lens 2˚ to lens instability
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Glaucoma
vision loss 2˚ to elevated intraocular pressure and damage to optic n. and retina
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Carbonic anhydrase
enzyme in ciliary body that aids in production of AH
Target for glaucoma tx
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Buphthalmos
enlargement of globe - glaucoma
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Haab's Stria
fractures in descement's membrane that occur 2˚ to buphthalmos and stretching of globe
subtle white streaks across cornea
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Goniodysgenesis
abnormal iridocorneal angle conformation - narrowed or closed
sheets of abnormal tissue often coat the angle
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Gonioscopy
Use of goniolens applied to the surface of the eye which allows light to bend into iridocorneal angle and facilitates examination
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Fundus
Interior surface of posterior segment of the eye: retina, optic nerve, choroid
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Holangiotic vascular pattern
entire neurosensory retina gets blood
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Merangiotic vascular pattern
neurosensory retinal vessels localized to horizontal streak on either side of optic nerve
Lagomorphs
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Paurangiotic vascular pattern
neurosensory retinal vessels only near optic enerve
Equids
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Anangiotic vascular pattern
neurosensory retina is absent of any blood vessels
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Retinal detachment
separation of neurosensory retina from retinal pigment epithelium
Intraretinal breach
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Retinal dialysis
tearing of retina from its attachment at the ora ciliaris retinae or from the optic dis in association w/ retinal separation
can be seen hanging from optic nerve or ora ciliarus retinae
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Hypertensive retinopathy
retinal vascular damage caused by systemic hypertension
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Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA)
series of inherited but rarely congenital progressive degenerative conditions affecting neurosensory retina or retinal pigmented epithelium
Associated with progressively impaired vision and blindness
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