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Pharm Exam 4 > Opioid Analgesics and Drug Abuse > Flashcards

Opioid Analgesics and Drug Abuse Flashcards

1
Q

I-STOP/PMP

A

Internet System for Tracking Over-Prescribing/Prescription Monitoring Program

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2
Q

T/F: Ibuprofen-APAP (which are NSAIDs) combined may be more effective analgesic than many currently available opioid-containing formulations.

A

True

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3
Q

Ibuprofen-APAP combined provided greater pain relief than did Ibuprofen or APAP alone after third molar extractions.

A

True

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4
Q

The third most commonly prescribed drug in 2015.

A

Hydrocodone/APAP (97m)

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5
Q

What is a schedule II drug?

A

One that may lead to abuse and dependence.

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6
Q

Any drug containing Hydrocodone is what schedule?

A

II

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7
Q

Prescriptions for which Schedule drugs CANNOT be refilled?

A

II

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8
Q

An addictive narcotic drug consisting of the dried juice of the opium poppy.

A

Opium

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9
Q

Any natural preparation or derivative of opium

A

Opiate

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10
Q

Opioid

A

Any narcotic analgesic

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11
Q

Raw dried opium contains _____% morphine and ___% codeine.

A

12 ; 1

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12
Q

The poppy seed has _________ and _________.

A

Morphine; Codeine

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13
Q

This opioid receptor is the principal mediator of opioid-induced:

Analgesia
Resp depression
Miosis
Reduced GI motility
Physical dependence
A

Mu Receptor

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14
Q

This substance is released as part of the pleasure center or the reward process.

A

Dopamine

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15
Q

This NT is inhibited when opioids bind to the mu receptor.

A

GABA

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16
Q

What happens when opioids binding to the mu receptor inhibit GABA?

A

More Dopamine is released.

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17
Q

Tendency of the body to adapt to the presence of opioids, making it necessary to use ever-increasing doses to achieve the same effects.

A

Tolerance

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18
Q

Tolerance develops to these things, but not to these things.

A

Analgesia, euphoria, respiratory depression;

Constipation and miosis

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19
Q

The psychological attachment to the euphoric effects of opioids.

A

Addiction

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20
Q

The body has an unpleasant withdrawal syndrome if opioids are abruptly discontinued.

A

Dependence

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21
Q

2-4h: sense of intense fear
8-16h: Increased SNS activity: nervousness, sweating, increased anxiety and fear, mydriasis
36h: skeletal muscle fasciculation, cramps, gooseflesh, increased respiration, blood sugar, metabolic rate.
48-72h: peaks and subsides over 10 days.

A

Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome

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22
Q

The inability to feel pain.

Caused by activation of mu receptors.

A

Analgesia

23
Q

What are the respiratory depressant effects of opioids?

A

Carbon dioxide retention and secondary elevation of cerebrospinal fluid pressure.

24
Q

The most dangerous side effect of opioids.

A

Respiratory depression.

25
Q

Characteristic sign of morphine use as well as other opioid drugs: heroin, methadone, and fentanyl (but not meperidine/Demerol).

A

Miosis - pinpoint pupils

26
Q

Miosis

A

pinpoint pupils

27
Q

A narcotic analgesic agonist of opiate receptors that causes the following:

  • Inhibits ascending pain pathways
  • Alters brain response to pain, producing analgesia.
  • Products sedation and respiratory depression.
A

Morphine

28
Q

Adverse effects of Morphine.

A

Respiratory depression, hypotension, sedation, temperature decrease, constipation, strong potential for addiction.

29
Q

Advantages of IV administration of Morphine.

A
  • Effect is more immediate.

- Analgesia can be titrated to the pain.

30
Q

This opioid is broken down to morphine and is less potent than morphine.

A

Codeine

31
Q

Tylenol #3 contains:

A

30 mg Codeine

300 mg Acetaminophen

32
Q

Used for oral conscious sedation in pediatric dentistry.

A

Meperidine

33
Q

Tramadol MOA

A

1) Centrally acting weak opioid mu agonist

2) Weakly inhibits the reuptake of Serotonin and NE.

34
Q

This drug is used as an alternative when NSAIDs and codeine-acetaminophen combos are contraindicated.

A

Tramadol

35
Q

This opioid is a Schedule 4 controlled substance.

A

Tramadol

36
Q

Combo of Hydrocodone and Acetaminophen

A

Lortab

Vicodin

37
Q

Hydrocodone + Ibuprofen

A

Vicoprofen

38
Q

How many hydrocodone-only products are FDA-approved?

A

Two: Zohydro and Hysingla

39
Q

Oxycontin

A

Oxycodone alone

40
Q

Percodan

A

Oxycodone + Aspirin

41
Q

Percocet

A

Oxycodone + Acetaminophen

42
Q

Used for serious pain caused by surgery, broken bones, or cancer.

A

Hydromorphone

43
Q

This drug is highly lipid soluble, allowing for significant penetration into the brain, creating a more exaggerated euphoria.

A

Heroin

44
Q

Why is Heroin a schedule I drug?

A

BC it has no medical use.

45
Q

What is heroin a form of?

A

Morphine

46
Q

Used in the controlled withdrawal of dependent abusers from heroin and morphine.

A

Methadone

47
Q

Orally-active liquid concentrate whose elimination half-life is 24 hours.

A

Methadone

48
Q

T/F: Methadone and other opioids suppress salivary secretion through disordered peripheral signaling at parasympathetic muscarinic receptors and centrally at primary salivary centers.

A

True

49
Q

Has 80 to 100-fold the analgesic potency of morphine.

A

Fentanyl

50
Q

Suppresses withdrawal symptoms and cravings for opioids, does not cause euphoria in the opioid-dependent patient, and blocks the effects of other opioids for 24 hrs.

A

Buprenorphine

51
Q

Buprenorphine + Naloxone

A

Suboxone

52
Q

A competitive antagonist at opioid receptors and reverses the depressive actions, including the respiratory depression and hypotension of opioid overdose.

A

Naloxone

53
Q

Tmax of Naloxone

A

20-30 mins

54
Q

Half-life of Naloxone

A

60-90 mins

Pharm Exam 4 (9 decks)

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