opthalmic

Question 1

Miosis

Answer 1

constriction of the pupil

Question 2

Mydriasis

Answer 2

dilation of the pupil

Question 3

Blepharitis

Answer 3

inflammation of the eyelash follicles

Question 4

Conjunctiva

Answer 4

lines the inside of the eyelids and covers the sclera

Question 5

Cataract

Answer 5

clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its envelope

Question 6

OU

Answer 6

Both eyes

Question 7

OD

Answer 7

Right eye

Question 8

OS

Answer 8

Left eye

Question 9

Ung

Answer 9

Ointment

Question 10

Gtt

Answer 10

Drop

Question 11

IOP

Answer 11

Intraocular pressure

Question 12

PERRLA

Answer 12

Pupils are Equal, Round, Responsive to Light and Accommodation

Question 13

timodol, betaxolol, carteolol, levobunolol

Ophthalmic Beta Blockers MOA

Answer 13

Reduces aqueous humor production

Decreases IOP

Question 14

timodol, betaxolol, carteolol, levobunolol

Ophthalmic Beta Blockers indications

Answer 14

Glaucoma

Ocular hypertension

Question 15

timodol, betaxolol, carteolol, levobunolol

Ophthalmic Beta Blockers adverse effects

Answer 15

Stinging/burning on application
Dry eye
Blepharitis
Corneal anesthesia

Question 16

timodol, betaxolol, carteolol, levobunolol

Ophthalmic Beta Blockers contraindictions

Answer 16

Asthma/COPD
Bradycardia
Second or third degree AV block
Overt heart failure
Cardiogenic shock

Question 17

timodol, betaxolol, carteolol, levobunolol

Ophthalmic Beta Blockers counseling

Answer 17

Use proper technique of nasolacrimal occlusion to decrease risk of side effects and increase efficacy
For ophthalmic use only
Remove contact lenses prior to use. Do not reinsert for 15 minutes
Gel solution only:

Question 18

Latanoprost, Travoprost, Bimatoprost, Tafloprost

Ophthalmic Prostaglandins MOA

Answer 18

Increases aqueous humor outflow

Decreases IOP

Question 19

Latanoprost, Travoprost, Bimatoprost, Tafloprost

Ophthalmic Prostaglandins indications

Answer 19

Glaucoma

Question 20

Latanoprost, Travoprost, Bimatoprost, Tafloprost

Ophthalmic Prostaglandins adverse effects

Answer 20

Increased pigmentation of the iris
Eyelash changes
Eyelid skin darkening
Transient burning and stinging upon instillation
Blurred vision

Question 21

Latanoprost counseling

Answer 21

Protect from light
Store unopened bottles in the refrigerator
Once opened, bottle may be stored at room temperature for up to 6 weeks
A permanent iris color change (increased brown pigmentation) may occur
Remove contact lens before instillation of the solution. Leave contacts out for at least 15 minutes
If more than one type of ophthalmic solution is used, wait at least 5 minutes before administering second agent

Question 22

Carbonic Anydrous Inhibitors

Answer 22

Other Drug Therapy Used for Glaucoma
Decrease IOP by decreasing aqueous humour production
Drugs:
Acetazolamide - Diamox
Brinzolamide - Azopt
Dorzolamide - Trusopt

Question 23

Neomycin/Polymyxin/Gramicidin MOA

Answer 23

Interferes with bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30S ribosomal subunits
Binds to phospholipids and alters permeability of the bacterial membrane permitting leakage of intracellular contents

Question 24

Neomycin/Polymyxin/Gramicidin indications

Answer 24

Treatment of superficial infections

Question 25

Neomycin/Polymyxin/Gramicidin adverse effects

Answer 25

Superinfection | Transient burning, stinging, irritation

Question 26

Neomycin/Polymyxin/Gramicidin counseling

Answer 26

For ophthalmic use only | To avoid contamination, do not touch tip of container to eye or any other surface

Question 27

Ciprofloxacin, Besiflozacin, Gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifolacin, ofloxacin MOA

Answer 27

Inhibits the activity of DNA gyrase | Bacterial DNA is unable to replicate

Question 28

Ciprofloxacin, Besiflozacin, Gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifolacin, ofloxacin indications

Answer 28

Treatment of superficial ocular infection involving the conjunctiva or cornea

Question 29

Ciprofloxacin, Besiflozacin, Gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifolacin, ofloxacin adverse effects

Answer 29

Localized discomfort and irritation Transient burning Stinging

Question 30

Ciprofloxacin, Besiflozacin, Gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifolacin, ofloxacin counseling

Answer 30

Do not touch tip of container to eye or any other surface For ophthalmic use only Remove contact lenses during treatment for conjunctivitis

Question 31

Erythromycin MOA

Answer 31

Inhibits RNA dependent protein synthesis

Question 32

Erythromycin indications

Answer 32

Treatment of superficial ocular infection involving the conjunctiva or cornea

Question 33

Erythromycin adverse effects

Answer 33

Blurred vision Transient irritation upon instillation Transient redness upon instillation

Question 34

Erythromycin counseling

Answer 34

Do not touch tip of container to eye or any other surface For ophthalmic use only Remove contact lenses during treatment for conjunctivitis