Oral Cavity

Question 1

What factors can cause cleft lip/palate?

Answer 1

maternal medication ingestion/exposure and maternal disease

Question 2

A ________ cleft palate goes through the hard palate and soft palate

Answer 2

complete

Question 3

The risk of having a 2nd child with cleft palate _______ if your first child has cleft palate

Answer 3

increases

Question 4

Cleft palates are associated with syndromes at a rate of ______ percent, and is ______ percent for cleft lip.

Answer 4

50, 30

Question 5

Stickler syndrome is due to a defect in _________ gene

Answer 5

COL (collagen)

Question 6

_______ is a cleft lip/palate syndrome that is associated with eye abnormalities

Answer 6

Stickler syndrome

Question 7

What syndrome is highly associated with lip pits?

Answer 7

Van der Woude, lip pits have 90% penetrance

Question 8

Lip pits have a _____ percent penetrance in Van Der Woude syndrome.

Answer 8

90

Question 9

Cardiac defects in 22q11 deletion syndrome are called _______.

Answer 9

conotruncal defects

Question 10

How does Digeorge syndrome relate to the pharyngeal arches?

Answer 10

Individuals with diverge syndrome do not have a thymus (a derivative of the arches) and have abnormal parathyroid glands

Question 11

_________ syndrome presents with swallowing difficulties due to low pharyngeal tone, learning disabilities, and cardiac defects

Answer 11

22q11.2 deletion syndrome

Question 12

22q11.2 deletion syndrome is autosomal _______.

Answer 12

dominant

Question 13

Goldenhar (Hemfacial microsomia) is an autosomal _______ disorder.

Answer 13

recessive

Question 14

In Goldenhar syndrome craniofacial underdevelopment can occur due to abnormal development of what?

Answer 14

Arch 1 and arch 2 derivatives

Question 15

What syndrome is associated with underdevelopment of the parotid gland and mandible, auricular abnormalities, and cervical vertebral anomalies?

Answer 15

Goldenhar/Hemifacial microsomia

Question 16

Children with CHARGE syndrome commonly have a ______ antihelix fold.

Answer 16

linear

Question 17

Pierre robin sequence leads to ________ hypoplasia.

Answer 17

mandibular

Question 18

What causes infectious sialadenitis?

Answer 18

statis of duct secretions allows for proliferation of bacteria

Question 19

______ is a risk factor for infection sialadenitis.

Answer 19

Dehydration

Question 20

What are distinguishing factors of Mumps

Answer 20

parotid gland and testicular swelling

Question 21

_______ swelling is a common finding of infection sialadenitis.

Answer 21

Gland

Question 22

Complications of infectious sialadenitis are ______, _______, _________.

Answer 22

neck infection, fistula to the skin, abscess

Question 23

What is the main treatment of infection sialadenitis?

Answer 23

get the saliva flowing and antibiotics

Question 24

Uveoparotid fever is a extra pulmonary form of __________.

Answer 24

sarcoidosis

Question 25

In __________ syndrome there is lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands

Answer 25

Sjrogren

Question 26

What are some common findings of Uveoparotid fever?

Answer 26

uveitis (eye), parotid gland enlargement, facial nerve paralysis, sensorineural hearing loss, fever

Question 27

In sjogrens syndrome inflammation of glands can ultimately lead to _________.

Answer 27

atrophy

Question 28

________ stones are more readily seen in X-ray and CT

Answer 28

submandibular

Question 29

_________ is associated with painful eating.

Answer 29

post-obstructive sialadenitis (stone)

Question 30

Head and neck radiation can cause fibrosis of __________ glands at __________ level of exposure

Answer 30

salivary, 40-50

Question 31

What is the most common cause of pediatric sleep apnea

Answer 31

hypertrophy of tonsils (palatine and adenoid)

Question 32

adenoids (pharyngeal tonsils) are present in the back of the ___________.

Answer 32

nasopharynx

Question 33

What effects can sleep apnea have on children?

Answer 33

systemic inflamamation, attention deficit

Question 34

_________ is the recommended treatment for OSA.

Answer 34

Surgery

Question 35

_______ is the most common cause of OSA in adults.

Answer 35

Obesity

Question 36

In the inspire device every time the diaphragm fires the tongue__________.

Answer 36

protrudes

Question 37

______ can cause hyperpigmentation go the gingiva.

Answer 37

Lead poisoning

Question 38

White lesions of the mouth are called _______. This carries a risk of _________.

Answer 38

leukoplakia, malignancy

Question 39

Erythoplakia lesions have a ______ percent risk of malignancy.

Answer 39

25

Question 40

_________ syndrome is an autosomal condition with hyperpigmentation around mouth, eyes, and perineum.

Answer 40

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Question 41

Individuals with pout-jeghers syndrome are at a higher risk for __________ and ________.

Answer 41

epithelial cancers, GI polyps

Question 42

________ is the most common being lesion of the oral cavity and is due to _______.

Answer 42

Squamous papilloma, HPV

Question 43

_______ leads to recurrent aphthous ulcers.

Answer 43

Behcet's Disease

Question 44

In charge syndrome there is atresia of the _____.

Answer 44

choana