Organic Compounds

Question 1

Equation for fermentation?

Answer 1

Glucose—> ethanol + Carbon dioxide

Question 2

What are the first 4 members of the homologous series of alcohols

Answer 2

-methanol
-ethanol
-propanol
-butanol

Question 3

Some features of alcohols chemically

Answer 3

-Dissolve in water then form neutral solutions
-React with sodium to produce Hydrogen
-burn in air to produce CO2 and Water
-are used as fuels and solvents

Question 4

What is the functional group of carboxylic acids,

Answer 4

Carboxyl

Question 5

Features of Carboxylic acids?

Answer 5

-dissolve in water to form acidic solutions
-react with carbonates to produce carbon dioxide
-react with alcohols to form esters
-do not ionise fully in water so they are “weak acids”

Question 6

What are esters

Answer 6

When alcohols and carboxylic acids react together. They contain the functional group -COO

Question 7

What ester is formed when ethanol and ethanoic acid reacts together

Answer 7

Ethyl ethanoate

Question 8

What are amino acids two functional groups?

Answer 8

-The amine group, NH3
-The carboxyl group, COOH

Question 9

What is it called when amino acids join together to form polymers

Answer 9

Proteins

Question 10

What is DNA made from?

Answer 10

4 nucleotides
-Cytosine (C)
-guanine (G)
-adenine (A)
-thymine (T)

Question 11

What are polymers of sugar

Answer 11

Starch and cellulose