Organic Molecules Y1 Flashcards
Ionisation example with Fl and Li
When Li and Fl react the Li donates and electron to form Li+ and Fl-
Stable electronic configuration using Fl and Li
When Li loose and electron for ionisation it becomes positivly charged and gain a stable electronic configuration. It had one electron in outer shell and now doesn’t. Fl had a incomplete outer shell and now has a full outer shell
Ionic bonding properties
- ions with opposite charged attract
- high MP
- very polar
- conducts electrical current
- often called salts
Covalent bonding properties
- 2 atoms have equal electronegativety
- neither give or get; they share. The occupied orbital on one overlaps the other. The new orbital is attracted to the 2 nuclei, hold it together
How do we represent covalent bonds
Lewis structures or line-bond structures
What is valency
The number of electrons an atom carries links to its ability to form a certain numerical of bonds
What is skeletal formula
Simplified organic formula by removing H and leaving only C
What are the functional groups of only carbon
Ane if isolated
Yl if attactched to something
- Meth
- Eth
- Prop
- But
- Pent
- Hex
- Hept
- Oct
Functional groups of greedy carbons
Alkenes (double) and alkynes (tripple)
Functional groups of aromatic carbons
- benzene
- phenyl
- arene
- aryl
Functional groups of alkyl halides
Fluorine - fluoro - alkyl fluoride R-F
Chlorine - chloro - alkyl chloride R-Cl
Bromine - bromo - alkyl bromide R-Br
Iodine - iodo - alkyl iodide - R-I
Functional groups of alcohols
Primary - 1x ubstituent attatched
Secondary - 2x substituent attatched
Tertiary - 3x substituent attatched
Fucntionala groups of greedy oxygen
Peroxides
Aldehydes
Ketones
Functions groups of acid derivatives
Carboxylic acids
Acid chlorides
Functional groups sulphur
Thiol
Disulphide
