Stereochemistry

Question 1

Why does shape matter

Answer 1

For interaction of a drug with a receptor or a drug with an enzyme

More positive interactions it has - more shapes that fit - the better the drug molecule is

Question 2

What is a constitutional isomer

Answer 2

(Structural isomer)

Same molecular formula
Atoms bonded in different order
Can contain different FG’s

Question 3

What is a configurational isomer?

Answer 3

(Sterioisomer)

Have their atoms connected in the same sequence but differ in the way that the atoms are oriented in spaces

Question 4

3 types of configurational isomer

Answer 4

1. Enantiomers
2. Diasteromers
3. Geometric isomers

Question 5

Chirality

Answer 5

Same but not identical, like hands

Isn’t superposbale on mirror image

Question 6

Common cause of chirality

Answer 6

Presence of a C bonded to 4 FG’s

Question 7

What hybridisation are chiral centres/

Answer 7

Sp3

Tetrahedral with 4 FG

Question 8

What is an Enantiomers

Answer 8

pair of molecules that exist in two forms that are mirror images of one another but cannot be superimposed one upon the other.

Question 9

What happens when we name 2 x Enantiomers

Answer 9

Have the same name but different molecules

Question 10

How do we solve this

Answer 10

R and S system

Label priorities 1-4
Rotate so 4 is at back
Is is clockwise (r) or anticlockwise (s)

Question 11

Diastereoisomer

Answer 11

Also configurational but no mirror image

Question 12

Geometric isomer

Answer 12

2 forms that cannot be interchanged without breaking a bond

Not mirror

Different chemcial properties

Question 13

What are E and Z molecules

Answer 13

Assign priorities to each group on each C

If the 2 highest are on the same side then its Z and if they are on different sides then its E